2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(291-292)讲义-2024届高考英语一轮复习

1、 长难句翻译 1. Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout. 2. Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded! 2、 长难句翻译解析 1. Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout. 【语法详析】 本句的主干为a huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout。1. Four days after setting out作时间状语；2. while the Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic为时间状语从句，while表示“当”时，通常使用进行时态，此外while还可表示“虽然”“而”。 【词汇精讲】 set out (to do) 开始，出发【同】set off doing, set about doing icy /ˈaɪ.si/ adj. 冰冷的，冷漠的 waters /ˈwɔː.tərz/ n. 海域，领海 iceberg /ˈaɪs.bɜːɡ/ n. 冰山【习】the tip of the iceberg 冰山一角 spot /spɒt/ n. 点，地点 v. 看见，发现 【组】on the spot 在现场，be spotted with 布满…斑点 lookout /ˈlʊk.aʊt/ n. 瞭望员，瞭望台【动】look out 当心 【参考译文】 出发四天后，当“泰坦尼克号”行驶在北大西洋冰冷的海面时，一座巨型冰山突然被一个瞭望员发现。 2. Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded! 【语法详析】 本句主干为the captain realized…。1. to his horror为方式状语，意为“令他感到惊恐的是”；2. that the Titanic was sinking rapidly作realized的宾语从句，that可省略；3. for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded为原因状语从句，for可替换为because, as或since。 【词汇精讲】 below /bɪˈləʊ/ adv. / prep. 在下面 【反】above 在上面 captain /ˈkæp.tən/ n. 队长，船长，机长 v. 担任队长（船长、机长）【辨】capture v. n. 俘虏，捕获 horror /ˈhɒr.ər/ n. 惊恐【形】horrible令人震惊的，糟透的【辨】terror 恐怖 flood /flʌd/ n. 洪水 v. 淹没，大量涌入【形】flooded 被淹没的【组】a flood of 大量的，be flooded with 充满 【参考译文】 在下面，船长惊恐地意识到“泰坦尼克号”正在急速下沉，因为十六个密封舱中的五个已经进水。 3、 长难句拓展 1.In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the noncommercial tree species are recognized as members of the native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason. ①小词典 ecologically [ˌ