2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(289-290)讲义-2024届高考英语一轮复习

1、 长难句翻译 1. Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar workers. 2. However, he had at last been allowed to send a cable in which he informed the editor that he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president’s palace. 2、 长难句翻译解析 1. Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar workers. 【语法详析】 本句主干为 such is human nature, 属倒装结构，正常语序为 human nature is such。1. that与such连用，构成结果状语从句，意为“如此…以至于”，与 so…that同义，such后加名词或单独作表语，so后加形容词或副词；2. of becoming white collar workers 作 privilege的定语。 【词汇精讲】 nature /ˈneɪ.tʃə/ n. 自然，本性【辨】nurture v. n. 养育【组】by nature 本质上，nature and nurture 先天与后天 willing /ˈwɪl.ɪŋ/ adj. 愿意的【反】unwilling【名】willingness 意愿【组】be willing to do 愿意做 sacrifice /ˈsæk.rɪ.faɪs/ v. n. 牺牲【形】sacred 神圣的【组】sacrifice A for B，为了B牺牲A privilege/ˈprɪv.əl.ɪdʒ/ n. 特权【形】privileged 享有特权的 【参考译文】 此乃人之常情：许多人常常情愿牺牲较高的薪水以换取做白领的殊荣。 2. However, he had at last been allowed to send a cable in which he informed the editor that he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president’s palace. 【语法详析】 本句的主干为 he had at last been allowed to send a cable。1. in which he informed the editor…为“介词+which”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词cable，in which可替换为where；2. that he had been arrested作inform的宾语从句, that可省；3. while counting the 1,084 steps为时间状语从句，while与counting 之间省略了he was；4. leading to the fifteen-foot wall作steps的定语, 因lead与steps存在主动关系，故用doing；5. which surrounded the president’s palace为定语从句，修饰先行词wall。 【词汇精讲】 cable /ˈkeɪ.bl/ n. 电缆，电报【近】telegraph，telegram电报 inform /ɪnˈfɔːm/ v. 通知【组】inform sb. of sth.【名】information 信息【形】informed 明智的，有根据的 arrest /əˈrest/ v. n. 逮捕【组】under arrest 逮捕 count /kaʊnt/ v. 数数，很重要【组】count on 指望【谚】Don't count your chickens before they're hatched. 不要高兴得太早。 surround /səˈraʊnd/ v. 环绕【形】sur