第04讲 动词不定式-【寒假自学课】2024年八年级英语寒假提升学与练（人教版）

第04讲 动词不定式 目录 考点聚焦：核心考点聚焦，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 核心考点聚焦 一、动词不定式作宾语 1. 在动词want，hope，would like，decide，wish，choose， try，need等后常用动词不定式作宾语。 I hope ______(hear)from you soon . 2. think/find/feel/make it + adj. + to do sth. He found it difficult _______(go) to sleep. 3. stop to do sth. / stop doing sth. stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事 After working for a long time, he has to stop _______(have ) a rest . He was very tired, so he had to stop ______(work). 二、动词不定式作宾语补足语 1. 带to的不定式作宾补 ask/like/would like/teach/tell/want/help +sb. +to do sth. Please ask him _________(come) quickly. 2. 省掉to的不定式作宾补 let/make/hear/see/notice/have/watch +sb. +do sth. 注：省掉to的不定式的句子变被动语态时，需要还原to。 He made the baby _______(stop) crying . The baby was made ______ _____(stop) crying. 三、动词不定式作主语 1. 动词不定式用作句子的主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 2. 常用it作形式主语，而将不定式放在句子后面。 To do sth. +谓语动词+adj. /n. = It +谓语动词+adj. / n. + to do sth. To get an injection is a little painful. =_____ _____ a little painful ____ ____ an injection. 四、动词不定式作定语 动词不定式作定语放在被修饰词之后，即名词或代词+to do(介词)。 注：若构成不定式的动词为不及物动词，其后加上相应的介词。 I want a pen to write ______. I want a piece of paper to write ______. 五、动词不定式与疑问词连用 疑问词+ to do sth. 注：在宾语从句中，若主从句的主语一致，则宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+to do sth”。 Can you tell me how I can get to the hospital? =Can you tell me _____ ____ ____ ____ the hospital. 六、动词不定式作状语 1.在come / go / leave 后面接动词不定式作目的状语。 He came here ______(get)his book. 2. 表语形容词（sorry/sad/happy/glad/afraid/pleased）后，用动词不定式作原因状语。 He was glad _______(see) his wife. 3.在too…to …, not …enough to …句型中，动词不定式作结果状语。 He was too tired _______(walk) on. 七、动词不定式的否定形式 在动词不定式的前面加not。 He told me _______(not stay) here . 动词不定式符号的省略和保留情况 1. 动词不定式符号的省略情况 两个或两个以上的动词不定式并列时，第一个不定式符号不能省略，其余的省掉to，但两者有对比关系时，to都不能省略。 Edison’s mother taught him to write and read. I haven’t decided to go home or to go to the cinema. 2. 省掉不定式而保留动词不定式符号to的情况 在上文或者上句中出现某一动词，下文中含有want，decide，like，love，hope，refuse或“形容词glad等+不定式作宾语