2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析（225-226）讲义-2024届高考英语一轮复习

1、 长难句翻译 1. Though he acknowledges that engineering works can fail because the person who thought them up or engineered them simply got things wrong, in this book Dr. Petroski widens his view to consider the larger context in which such failures occur. 2. Rainforests have their own perfect system for ensuring their own survival; the tall trees make a canopy of branches and leaves which protect themselves, smaller plants, and the forest animals from heavy rain, intense dry heat from the sun and strong winds. 2、 长难句翻译解析 1. Though he acknowledges that engineering works can fail because the person who thought them up or engineered them simply got things wrong, in this book Dr. Petroski widens his view to consider the larger context in which such failures occur. 【语法拓展：用一个句子告诉您扩充细节的写作思路和as短语的扮演角色】 ①内容解析 看到句首的“though 虽然”，要立刻意识到重点在后半句，这是阅读理解把握文章重要信息的基本能力，我们就不再赘述了。 我们把这个句子拆分成几个部分逐一解释一下。 1、Though he acknowledges that engineering works can fail 虽然他承认工程工作可能失败 acknowledge在考试里有三个主要考点：1、认可事实；2、表示感谢；3、问候致意，名词变化acknowledgement。这个词属于各位应用经验较少的词汇，可以参考下面三个例句以及同义词理解。 She acknowledged that she might have forgotten the appointment. 她承认她可能忘了那个预约。（同admit） We must acknowledge the kindness she showed towards us. 我们必须对她的善意表示感谢。（同appreciate） He never acknowledges his colleagues when meeting them in the hallway. 在走廊里遇到同事时，他从来不打招呼。（同greet） 2、because the person who thought them up or engineered them simply got things wrong, 因为构思它们或设计它们的人就是犯了错误 这里再次出现从句嵌入主句的情况，也是高考英语最喜欢考察的语法现象。我们在1月10日长难句分析7和3月7日长难句分析52里给各位重点讲解了这一现象，务必要认真弄明白。 “think up 想到 想出”，和“figure out 想出”是同义短语。“engineer 名词 工程师；动词 设计 策划”，动词含义和design接近。 3、in this book Dr. Petroski widens his view to consider the larger context 在这本书里彼得罗斯基博士拓宽了他的视野去考虑更大的背景 “widen the view 拓宽视野”和同义短语“broaden the horizons 开阔眼界”各位应该是耳熟能详的。这两个短语经常用于在写作中描述某活动的意义，虽然非常俗，但是能满足写作要求。 “context 上下文 语境 背景”，其实就是某个特定的范围。这个词只会在阅读理解里出现，基本认识即可。 4、(context) in which such failures occur. 这样的失败出现的背景 定语从句补充前面的名词context，什么样的背景呢？这些失败出现的背景。in本来是一个在从句结尾的介词，这里前置到了关系词which的前面，因为原来的句子就是“su