2024年英语中考语法考点宾语从句三要素讲义

Object clauses （宾语从句） 一、概念 宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可以分为三类。 二、宾语从句的分类 宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。 1. 动词的宾语从句： He told us that they would help us though the whole work. I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day. 2. 介词的宾语从句： The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space. 3. 形容词的宾语从句： I am sure I will pass the exam. He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill. 【即学即练】 划出下列句子中的宾语从句。 1. None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. 2. We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater. 3. We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. 4. I am sorry that I have troubled you so long. 三、宾语从句三要素 一、陈述句语序 在含有宾语从句的复合句中，无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句必须使用陈述语序，即：主句+连词+宾语从句（主语+谓语+…） 如：I hear that physics isn’t easy I want to know how soon it will begin. Could you tell me what I should do with the money? 注：陈述语序和疑问语序的区别 对比分析下列例句： 1. Do you like English? 划线部分基本结构：_____________________________________ 助动词+主语+谓语动词+宾语+其他？ Tom asked me if/whether I liked English. 划线部分基本结构：_____________________________________ 引导词+主语+谓语动词+宾语+其他. 2. How will you go to Beijing? 划线部分基本结构：______________________________________ 疑问词+助动词+主语+谓语动词+宾语+其他? Tom asked me how I would go to Beijing. 划线部分基本结构：______________________________________ 引导词+主语+助动词+谓语动词+宾语+其他. 总结：疑问语序中，助动词要放在主语之前； 而在陈述语序中，有时没有助动词，如果有的话要放在主语之后。 【即学即练】 1. ---How about buying an iPhone 6s for your birthday? ---Oh, it’s maybe too expensive, Dad. Do you know ______? A. how much it costs B. how much does it cost C. how much it cost 2. Do you know when ______ today. A. is the bookstore closed B. does the bookstore close C. the bookstore closes 3. We must remember ______. A. what our teacher said B. what did our teacher say C. what has our teacher said 二、宾语从句的时态 宾语从句的时态应与主句时态相呼应。 主句时态 宾语从句时态 例句 现在时或将来时 可用各种合适的时态 I want to know what ti