内容正文:
第13讲 新课学习必修第三册Unit2(语法学习&写作过关)
目录
语法导航:学习语法知识
写作导航:单元写作记忆
小试牛刀:词句精练+能力提升
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语
一、动词-ing形式作宾补
1.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面,表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作,强调一个过程或一种状态。现在分词作宾语补足语时,宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系。
When we returned,we found a stranger standing in front of the house.我们回来时,发现一个陌生人站在房子前面。
Suddenly we heard someone knocking gently on the window.忽然我们听见有人在轻轻地敲窗户。
2.能用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:
(1)表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词,常见的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,look at,listen to等。
I felt somebody standing behind me.我觉得有人站在我后面。
They observed him entering the bank.他们看见他走进银行。
On the bank of the river,we found him sitting on a bench,with his eyes fixed on a kite in the sky.在河岸上,我们发现他坐在长凳上,眼睛盯着天上的风筝。
[名师提醒] 在see,hear,feel,watch 等感官动词后,既可用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语,也可用省略to 的不定式作宾语补足语。用动词-ing形式时,表示动作正在进行;用省略to 的不定式时,表示动作经过从开始到结束的全过程。
I saw a boy getting on the bus.(表示动作正在进行)我看见一个男孩在上公共汽车。
I saw a boy get on the bus.(表示动作完成了)我看见一个男孩上了公共汽车。
(2)表示指使意义的使役动词,常见的有make,let,have,set,keep,get,catch,leave等。
We kept the fire burning all night long.我们让火整夜燃烧着。
I won’t have you running about in the room.我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。
(3)用于with复合结构中。
With spring coming on,trees turn green.春天到了,树变绿了。
同义句转换
①As time passes by,we will have a better and better life.
→With ,we will have a better and better life.
②I saw that they were coming across the street.
→I saw the street.
③I stood on the bridge and watched boats were coming and going.
→I stood on the bridge and watched .
④I felt that someone was patting me on the shoulder.
→I felt me on the shoulder.
⑤I heard that Mary sang a song in the next room last night.
→I heard in the next room last night.
二、动词-ing形式作状语
1.动词-ing形式可以作状语,在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等。动词-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首;作结果、伴随状语时常位于句末。动词-ing形式作状语时,现在分词表示的动作是由句子主语执行的,它们之间是主谓关系。
(1)表示时间,相当于一个时间状语从句。
Having made full preparations,we are ready for the examination.
→After we have made full preparations,we are read