内容正文:
名词的数讲解
一、可数名词变复数规则变化
1.名词变复数的一般情况直接加s
2.以s sh x ch结尾直接加es
3.以辅音字母加y结尾 将y变i加es
二、可数名词变复数特殊情况
1.以ch结尾加s的英语单词: stomach-stomachs
2.以f结尾直接加s的英语单词:
roof--roofs gulf-gulfs belief-beliefs staff--staffs chief-chiefs
proof-proofs
3.以f结尾两种变法都可的单词:
scarf- scarfs /scarves dwarf-dwarfs / dwarves handkerchief-handkerchiefs / handkerchieves
三、可数名词变复数不规则变化
1.单复数相同 sheep deer fish
2.a变成e man woman Englishman Frenchman
3.00变成ee foot tooth goose
4.中日不变英法变,其余s加后边;German德国人,其复数形式为Germans
5.特殊变化 child-children ox-oxen mouse-mice
四、特别注意
1.英语中一些由两个部分组成的物体名词通常是以s结尾,如:
pants , trousers, shorts, shoes, scissors, glasses 等。这一类名词,如果不带单位词,通常用做复数:
His new pants are black and white .
如果带有单位词,则需要根据单位词判定单复。
This pair of pants is cheap. Two pairs of pants are enough.
2.“形复意单”-虽有s但不是复数:physics ,maths, politics ,athletics, economics, news
3.由两个名词组成的复合名词,复数时作为定语的那个名词通常都用单数形式,第二个名词用复数形式,以man或women为前缀的名词变复数时,前后两个名词都变成复数。
如:a boy student-three boy students a woman teacher-two women teachers
五、不可数名词
含义:不可数名词表示无法分清个体的名词,主要为物质名词和抽象名词。
1. 常见的物质名词有
液体类:juice, water , beer, coffee..
粉末类:powder , flour, sugar, salt.
食物类:rice,bread , junk food , butter ,chocolate.
肉类:beef, pork, chicken, mutton.
抽象名词:information, money , work ,advice,friendship, help, fun, health, furniture, jewelry, wealth, time…
六、不可数名词的用法:
1.前面不可以直接加不定冠词a/an
2.不可数名词永远按单数处理
例如:Water is very important for people . Time is money.
3.当时间、金钱、距离或距离做主语时,后面动词用单数形式
例如:Four kilometers is a long way .
4.不可数名词也有量的表达:数词冠词+量词+of+不可数名词
①个数:piece(张、片、块、条)apiece of apple pie
②容量:cup, bottle, bag, box, bucket two cups of tea ,three boxes of milk, four buckets of water四桶水
③类别:kind all kinds of bread
④度量:kilo(千克,公斤)two kilos of oil
练习题
一、单项选择
1.Here a pair of on the sofa.
A.is; shoe B.are; shorts C.is; trousers D.are; shoes
2.Tom likes _________ and he has many ________.
A.collecting, collectings B.collect, collectors
C.collecting, collections D.collection, collecting
3.There are ten ________ in the picture.
A.sheeps B.deers C.ho