高考英语动词形式变化（三单、现在分词、过去式、过去分词）

高考英语动词形式变化 动词四种形式变化规则 第三人称单数 现在分词 过去式和过去分词 般 加-s 加-ing 加-ed 规 则 ①原形动词以不发音的“-e” ①原形动词词尾为“e” 结尾时，去 “-e” 后加 时，加“-d”。如：live “-ing”。如：live→living,make →lived,.like→liked ①原形动词词尾 →making ②原形动词词尾为“辅 为ch,sh,o,s, ②原形动词词尾为“-ie”时， 音字母十y”时，去 x,加-es。如：fix 先把“-ie”改为“y”后加 “-y”后加“-ied”;若词 →fixes,teach→ “-ing”。如：lie→lying,die 尾为“元音字母十y”, teaches,wash→ →dying,tie-tying 只加“-ed”。如：study washes ③原形动词词尾为“元音十 特 →studied,play→played ②原形动词词尾 1r”并为重读音节时，常双写 殊 ③原形动词词尾为“元 为“辅音字母十 词尾字母后再加“-ing”。如： 规 音+r”并为重读音节 y”时，去y后 travel-travelling/traveling, 则 时，常双写词尾字母后再 加“-ics”;若是 prefer-preferring, refer- 加“-ed”。如：prefer-一 “元音字母十 referring preferred -y”, 只加 ④原形动词以“辅元辅”结 ④原形动词以“辅元 “-s”。如：study 尾，且为重读闭音节，先双写 辅”结尾，且为重读闭音 →studies,say→ 最后一个辅音字母后再加 节，先双写最后一个辅音 says “-ing”(字母组合除外)。如： 字母后再加“-cd”。如： plan→planning,get→getting, chat→ chatted, beg- stop→stopping。注意：show, begged,stop→stopped grow,draw,blow,know,flow 等不用双写。 二、动词过去式和过去分词不规则变化 1.AA4型 原形 过去式 过去分词 bet bet bet broadcast broadcast broadeast bid bid bid burst burst burst cast cast cast cost cost cost cut cut cut forecast forecast/forecasted forecast/forecasted hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt let let let put put put quit quit/quitted quit/quitted read read read rid rid rid set set set shut shut shut spit spit/spat spit/spat split split split spread spread spread sweat sweat/sweated sweat/sweated thrust thrust thrust upset upset upset wed wed/wedded wed/wedded wet wet/wetted wet/wetted 2.AAB型 原形 过去式 过去分词 beat beat beaten 3.ABA型 原形 过去式 过去分词 come came come become became become overcome overcame overcome run ran run 4.ABB型 (1)在原形动词后面加字母-ed或字母-d或字母-t构成过去式、过去分词 原形 过去式 过去分词 bless blessed blessed hear heard heard burn bumt/burned burnt/burned learn learnt/learned learnt/leamed dream dreamt/dreamed dreamtdreamed mean meant meant lean leant/leaned leant/leaned leap leapt/leaped leapt/leaped spoil spoilt/spoiled spoilt/spoiled deal dealt dealt (2)把原形动词的最后一个辅音字母d改成t 原形 过去式 过去分词 build built built rebuild rebuilt rebuilt lend lent lent send sent sent spend spent spent bend b