Welcome Unit 单元语法总结讲义-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册

2023-12-17
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2023人教版新课标英语必修一Welcome Unit单元语法总结 英语基本句型 【句型1】SV: 主语+谓语(不及物动词) {注意} 不及物动词后不能接宾语。但一些不及物动词+介词即可接宾语。 【例句】The sun rises in the east. Sam is listening to the radio. 【句型2】SVO: 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 {注意} 及物动词可接宾语,宾语可以是名词/代词/不定式/动名词(动词-ing形式)(短语)/从句。 【例句】He stopped running. I want to be a teacher. He sent her an email. I hope that he will come to my birthday party. 【句型3】SP: 主语+系动词+表语 {注意}系动词后接表语,说明主语的情况/状态。表语可以是名词/形容词/副词/介词短语/从句。此外,系动词还有:look/smell/sound/taste/feel/keep/grow/go/get/turn/become。 【例句】My mother is an actress. She is nice. He grows stronger and stronger. The cheese tastes good. 【句型4】SV IO DO: 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接引语+直接引语 {归纳} 直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象;间接宾语是该动词所向/所为的人/物,通常是名词/代词;通常,间接宾语位于直接宾语前,但为强调,间接宾语可在直接宾语后,此时需要间接宾语前+to/for。 (1)v.+直接宾语+to+间接宾语,此类动词有:hand, give, send, pass, tell, bring等; (2)v.+直接宾语+for+间接宾语,此类动词有:buy, make, get, cook, prepare, sing等; {特殊句式}主语+及物动词+间接宾语+疑问词+不定式 【例句】Mum bought me a new dress. = Mum bought a new dress for me. My mum taught me how to remember English words effectively. 【句型5】SVOC: 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语 {归纳}宾语补足语起到补充说明作用,由名词/形容词/副词/不定式/动名词/介词短语/动词过去分词等充当; (1) 形容词作补语:My father painted the door purple. (2) 名词作补语:We called the boy Sam. (3) 不定式作补语:My mum told me not to be late for school. (4) V-ing(动名词)作补语:I heard the bird singing in the tree. (5) V-ed(动词过去分词)作补语:Her mother didn’t notice the vase broken. (6) 副词作补语:My English teacher asked me in. (7) 介词短语作宾补:He found himself behind on the top of the mountain. {辨析} 复合宾语中的宾语与其补足语间有逻辑地主谓/动宾关系;双宾语中没有。 【例句】 复合宾语:They call me Linda. 双宾语:My father bought me a new dress. 【句型6】SVA: 主语+谓语(不及物动词)+状语 {归纳} 此结构中地状语用来修饰动词/短语/句子。 (1) 状语可以是:副词/介词短语/名词/形容词/非谓语动词/从句等; · 副词作状语:This little girl runs very fast. · 介词短语作状语:It took us about twenty minutes to get there. · 不定式短语作状语:I went to Harbin to see my best friend. · 名词短语作状语:He will come back next month. · 从句作状语:My friend will come to see me when he is free. (2) 状语可表示时间/地点/程度/方式/原因/结果/目的/条件/让步/比较/伴随

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Welcome Unit 单元语法总结讲义-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册
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