内容正文:
过去分词在写作中的运用
一、必备语法知识
1.过去分词V-ed既有形容词和副词的特征,所以可在句中做定语状语补语等成分;
eg:过去分词作定语
a forced smile.一个勉强的微笑
2.也保留有动词的特征,因此在句中可有自己的状语和逻辑主语
eg: I heard my name called.
我听见有人叫我的名字。
过去分词called在句中作宾补
过去分词called的逻辑主语是my name
3.带双宾语的及物动词构成的过去分词还可有自己的宾语。
4.过去分词V-ed形式的否定形式:在其前加not
5.过去分词常表示动作已完成/被动关系
二、过去分词在写作中的运用
(一)过去分词作定语
1单个的过去分词作定语常位于被修饰的名词前
eg: a retired teacher 一位退休的老师
换成定语成句:
a teacher who is retired
2过去分词短语作定语则位于被修饰的名词后
eg:a book written by Mo Yan
一本莫言写的书
换成定语从句:
a book which is written by Mo Yan
3过去分词作定语组成的高频写作短语
写人:
a frightened expression一个惊恐的表情
a satisfied smile 一个满意的微笑
mixed feelings复杂的情感 (喜忧参半)
swollen eyes 肿胀的眼睛
excited children兴奋的孩子
the exhausted athlete
a worried look 担忧的表情
an injured finger 一个受伤的手指
terrified people受到惊吓的人们
写物:
a broken cup一个破碎的杯子
polluted water被污染的水
写景:
faded flowers凋谢的花
fallen leaves落叶
the risen sun升起的太阳
(二)过去分词作状语
过去分词在句中可以作状语,表示时间、原因、方式或伴随
1作时间状语
(1)过去分词作时间状语,可在过去分词前加when等连词
Seen from the hill, the village looks beautiful.
= When seen from the hill, the village looks beautiful.
注意:此时为状语从句的省略。省略的是主语和be动词。
补充完整为:
When the village is seen from the hill, the village looks beautiful.
从山上看时,这个村庄看起来很漂亮。
(2)状语从句的省略条件:
当主从句主语一致,且从句谓语动词部分含有be动词时,可省略从句的主语和be动词。
请把下列句子分别改为省略句和过去分词作状语的句子:
exercise1:
When she was asked about the address, the girl didn’t respond.
改写为状语从句的省略句:
__________________________________________
改为过去分词作状语:
__________________________________________
answers:
状语从句的省略:
When asked about the address, the girl didn’t respond.
过去分词作状语:
Asked about the address, the girl didn’t respond.
exercise2:
When you are invited to have dinner at home by a Chinese friend, you should arrive on time or ahead of time.
改写为状语从句的省略句:
__________________________________________
改为过去分词作状语:
___________________________________________
answers:
状语从句的省略:
When invited to have dinner at home by a Chinese friend, you should arrive on time or ahead of time.
过去分词作状语:
Invited to have dinner at home by a Chinese friend, you should arrive on time or ahead of time.
2.作原因状语
过去分词作原因状