内容正文:
第04讲 动词的时态和语态
目录
语法导航:温习语法知识
小试牛刀:基础过关+能力提升
考点一:一般时态
1. 一般现在时
(1) 表示现在经常性,习惯性的动作或状态。
·He usually goes to school by bike.
( 2 ) 表示客观真理,客观存在,科学事实及格言警句。
·The sun in the east and in the west.
( 3 ) 用于here,there 开头的倒装句中,一般现在时表示正在发生的动作或状态。
·Look ! Here the bus.
(4 ) 用在时间,条件或让步状语从句中,如果主句是一般将来时,或用祈使句表示将来的动作,从句则常用 代替一般将来时。
·As long as it doesn’t rain tomorrow ,we will have a trip on schedule.
2. 一般过去时
(1) 表示过去某一时间发生的动作或所处的动作。
·A few months after he had arrived in China, Ms.Smith in love with the people and culture there.
( 2 ) 表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作,常与always,usually,often,sometimes,never等连用。
·I always up late,and neverhad enough time for breakfast.
( 3 ) 在确定的表示过去的时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
·I didn’t think I’d like the movie ,but actually it pretty good.
·Edward, you play so well. But I know you played the piano.
( 4 ) 在条件、时间、让步等状语从句中通常用一般过去时表示过去将来时。
·She said she would come if I promised to wait for her.
3. 一般将来时
(1)基本表达法
一般将来时的基本形式:shall/will+动词原形,表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。在书面语中,主语是第一人称时,常用shall(也可用will)。在口语中,will可用于各种人称。
·The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts rewarded with success in the
end.
( 2 )其他表达法
A.be going to动词原形
表示说话者主观打算做某事或根据某种迹象预示着要发生某事
Dr.Smith,together with his wife and daughters, visit Beijing this summer.
B.be to+动词原形
表示按计划、安排等将要发生的动作或表示禁止、命令、义务或可能性
·You are to hand in your papers by 10 o'clock.(表示命令)
·A meeting is to be held at 3 o'clock this afternoon.(表示按安排将要发生)
·The books in the library are not to be taken outside.(表示禁止)
C.be about to+动词原形
表示马上或眼下就要发生的动作,意为“ ”,一般不与具体的将来时间状语连用,但常与 when 连用。
·Tom was about to close the windows when his attention was caught by a bird
D.一般现在时表示将来
一些动词,如 go,arrive,leave, start, stay. return begin,come等,用一般现在时表示 按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作。
·We must hurry up. The first class at 8 oclock.
表示位置转移的动词,如go,come,leave,start, arrive, return, run out 等,可