2024年英语中考复习专题系动词讲义

系动词 ( 一、动词分类 ) 根据动词在句子中的功能，可分为四类：实义动词、系动词、助动词、情态动词。 类别 特点 意义 举例 实义动词(vt.vi.) 不及物动词不能 直接接宾语 能独立作谓语 She always comes late. 及物动词直接加 宾语 须跟宾语一起才能表达 完整的意思 l have a book. 系动词(link-v) 跟表语 不能独立做谓语，跟表 语构成谓语 l am a student. 助动词(aux.v.) 跟动词原形或分 词(无词汇意 义 ) 不能独立做谓语，跟主 要动词构成谓语，表示 疑问，否定及各种时态 He doesn't speak Chinese. l am watching TV. 情态动词(mod v.) 跟动词原形(有 自己的词汇意 思 ) 不能独立做谓语。表示 说话人语气、情态，无 人称和数的变化 We can do it by ourselves That would be better. ( 二、 系动词 ) 系动词也叫联系动词，作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语(亦 称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。 (1)状态系动词：用来表示主语状态，只有be一词。 He is a teacher.他是一名教师。(is 与补足语一起说明主语的身份。 ) (2)持续系动词：用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,rest,remain, stay等. He always kept silent at meeting. (3)表像系动词：用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem,appear,look。 He looks tired. He seems (to be)very sad. (4)感官系动词：主要有feel,smell,sound,taste,look。 第1页(共3页) This kind of cloth feels very soft. This flower smells very sweet. (5)变化系动词：这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become,grow, turn,fall,get,go。 He became mad after that. She grew rich within a short time. (6)终止系动词：表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove,turn out,表达"证实","变成"之 意。 The rumor proved false.这谣言证实有假。 His plan turned out a success.他的计划终于成功了。 ( 三、 专项练习 ) The city wonderful from the top. A.felt B.tasted C.looked D.found 2 —Mum is cooking fish in the kitchen.Can you _it? —No,I can't.I have a bad cold. A.see B.sound C.taste D.smell 3 一Do you like the music The Moonlight Sonata? —Yes,it _really beautiful. A.feels B.sounds C.listens D.hears Her face _pale when she heard the news. A.got B.is C.turned D.was —Which dress do you prefer,Madam? —I like the silk dress better.It _very comfortable. A.sounds B.feels