2024届高考英语一轮复习语言知识点扩展 (22) 清单

语言知识点扩展（21） 可数名词前 a、an、the 的用法 场景一 乔说: I had a sandwich and an apple for lunch. 我午餐吃了一个三明治和一个苹果。 乔说“a sandwich”“an apple”，因为这是他第一次谈论它们。第一次提到某人或者某物时，使用a/an。 场景二 然后乔说： The sandwich wasn't very good, but the apple was nice. 三明治不太好吃，但苹果很好吃。 他说“the sandwich”、“the apple因为大家知道他指的是他午餐吃的三明治和苹果。 当表达前面提到过的人或者事物时，用the. 对比下列 a 与 the: A man and a woman were sitting opposite me. The man was American.but I think the woman was British. 一男一女坐在我对面。那个男人是美国人，但我想那个女人是英国人。 When we were on holiday, we stayed at a hotel. Sometimes we ate at the hotel and sometimes we went to a restaurant. 当我们度假时，我们住在旅馆里。有时我们在旅馆吃饭，有时我们去餐馆。 a/an 泛指某类人或物 the 特指某个具体的人或物 对比下列 a/an 与 the Tim sat down on a chair (也许是房间里众多椅子中的一把) 蒂姆坐在椅子上。 Tim sat down on the chair nearest the door. (一张特定的椅子) 蒂姆在离门最近的椅子上坐了下来 Do you have a car? (不是特定的车) 你有车吗? I washed the car yesterday. (特指我的车) 我昨天洗车了。 注意: the 的特指，指的是某一个人或物 对比下列 a/an 与 the: We stayed at a very cheap hotel. (便宜的酒店有很多，所以这里仍然是一类酒店) 我们住在一家很便宜的旅馆。 The hotel where we stayed was very cheap. (特指我们住的那家） 我们住的旅馆很便宜。 当描述的主体是大家都知道的人或物 the light 这盏灯 the door 这扇门 the floor 这块地板/这层楼 Can you turn off the light, please? 你能把灯关了吗? I took a taxi to the station. 我乘出租车去车站。 在商店里 I’d like to speak to the manager. 我想和经理说话。 *下列结构的 the，并不是强调去的某个特定的地方，而强调的是去这个地方 做特定的事情 go to the bank go to the post office go to the doctor go to the dentist I have to go to the post office today. 我今天得去趟邮局 Clare isn't very well. She's gone to the doctor 克莱尔身体不太好。她去看医生了。 I should go to a hospital to take the test. 我应该去医院做检查。 对比下列 the 与 a: I have to go to the bank today. 我今天得去趟银行。 ls there a bank near here? 这附近有银行吗? I don't like going to the dentist. 我不喜欢去看牙医。 My sister is a dentist. 我姐姐是一名牙医。 *在表示时间或数量时，会使用 a: once a week three times a day I go to the cinema about once a month. 我大约一个月去看一次电影。 These potatoes are ￡1 .50 a kilo. 这些土豆每公斤1.5英镑。 Helen works eight hours a day,six days a week. 海伦每天工作八小时，一周工作六天。 练习题(1) 用 A、An、The、a、an 与 the 填空 1. This morning I bought _____ newspaper and _magazine. ______ newspaper is in