基础语法6 句子的种类 导学案-2023-2024学年初高中英语衔接课程

导学案 编号：1-2-6 编制： 使用时间： 姓名_______________ 句子基础知识6 【预习案】 【学习目标】 1. 了解主语及谓语动词的形式 2. 明白句子的分类。 3. 掌握一般疑问句的构成。 【重点、难点】巩固句子结构，会构成一般疑问句。 1. 单一主语与完全主语： 作主语的名词或代词时常带有修饰语，除了修饰语剩下的那个名词或代词即称为单一主语。单一主语+修饰语即称为完全主语。 主谓一致指的是谓语动词的单复数必须跟单一主语一致。 找出以下句子的单一与完全主语并改错 A man who never makes mistakes never make anything. 2. 谓语动词的形式： 我们平时所说的谓语不仅仅是指一个实义动词，还包括动词短语及构成时态、语态等所使用的助动词、情态动词等。 划出下面这个句子的谓语部分： Your dog has been taken good care of. 3. 句子的分类。 1) 按结构分为：简单句、并列句和复合句。 ① 简单句： 只有一个主谓（并列主/谓算一个）。 My father and I live here. He rose, put on his hat, and walked out of the room. ② 并列句：由并列连词连接的多个简单句。 I have been eating too much and my clothes are getting tight. ③复合句：由一个主句和数个从句组成的句子。 I think (that) you are right. A bookworm is someone who likes reading very much. 2) 按使用目的分为：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。 · 陈述句：用来叙述事实或表达意见的句子。句尾永远是句号。日常用语中大多数是陈述句。 History will not repeat itself. · 疑问句：分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。 · 一般疑问句：用yes或no回答的疑问句。 构成：助动词提到主语之前。 把下面的几个句子改成一般疑问句： 1 She is a doctor. __________________________________ 2 She is reading the newspaper. __________________________________ 3 She can speak English well. __________________________________ 4 I have seen your brother. __________________________________ 5 He has been arrested. __________________________________ 6 I like playing basketball. __________________________________ 7 He talked a lot in the meeting. __________________________________ · 小结：把一个陈述句改成一般疑问句的方法： 1 如果句子中含有助动词，_________________, 所谓的助动词包括__________。 2 如果句子本身不包含助动词，____________________________________, 这样的助动词有___________ 【当堂训练】 1. 找出以下句子中的主谓并判断句子类型： 1) The tree in the back yard was blown down by the typhoon. 2) Each hour, each minute and each second is of value to us. 3) When you meet a new word, write it down in case you should forget it. 4) Both Mr. Lee and his wife are expecting a child. 5) New technology is being used to make sure that the cars, buses, taxis and trains that we use do not pollute the air. 2. 划出句子成分。 1) Say you are wrong, and I will forgive you. 2) Scientists kno