内容正文:
八年级上册Unit 8
1、 可数名词与不可数名词
1. 可数名词变复数规则变化
①一般情况下,再次为加_______。 book-books
②以字母_____________结尾的名词,在词尾加______。
glass-glasses fox-foxes wish-wishes watch-watches
③以_____或_____结尾的名词,把_____或____变为___,再加______.
leaf-leaves half-halves self-selves wife-wives knife-knives
wolf-wolves shelf-shelves thief-thieves life-lives
树叶半数自己黄,妻子拿刀去杀狼,架后小刀逃命忙。
注意:roof-roofs belief-beliefs proof-proofs handkerchief-handkerchiefs
④以______________结尾的名词,先变___为____,再加_____。
family-families lady-ladies city-cities
⑤以o结尾加es的名词:黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆(口诀)
Negro-Negroes hero-heroes tomato-tomatoes potato-potatoes
以o结尾加s的名词:我听广播,也看到了电视录像,说动物园里的袋鼠弹着钢琴吸引游客来照相。(口诀)
radio-radios video-videos zoo-zoos kangaroo-kangaroos piano-pianos photo-photos
2. 可数名词变复数不规则变化
①改___为____
man-men woman-women
Englishman-Englishmen Frenchman-Frenchmen policeman-policemen
②改_____为_____
foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese
③在词尾加_____或_____
child-children ox-oxen
④其他特殊变化
Mouse-mice louse-lice
注意:German-Germans human-humans
Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese fish--fish deer-deer sheep-sheep
复合名词的复数形式:traffic light-traffic lights woman doctor-women doctors
3. 不可数名词及其量的表示方法
①不可数名词包括:
物质名词
食物
bread, meat, rice, cheese, fish, beef
饮料
milk, water, cola, coffee, wine, tea
自然物质
air, soil, sand, wood, coal
抽象名词
情感
love, peace, friendship, joy, happiness
概念
exercise, knowledge, energy, population
学科
math, geography, physics, chemistry
②不可数名词的量的表示方法:基数词+量词+of+不可数名词
a piece of news--------two pieces of news a drop of ink----------three drops of ink
a bottle of milk--------five bottles of milk a bag of rice------------twenty bags of rice
4. 可数名词与不可数名词的区别及其应用
①可数名词单数可以用a(n)修饰,复数可以用基数词及some、any、few、a few、many、a lot of等来修饰。
不可数名词不能直接用数词修饰,需用“基数词+量词+of”结构修饰,也可以用some、any、little、a little、much、a lot of等来修饰。
②用how many询问可数名词数量的多少;用how much询问不可数名词数量的多少。
③单个的单数名词作主语,谓语动词用_______,多个单数名词或复数名词作主语,谓语动词用_______。
不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用_______。但当其前有“