高考英语听力解题法则之干扰法则—备战2024高考英语听力专项

高考英语听力解题法则Ⅴ——干扰法则 一：基础方法论述 在任何四选一或三选一的选择题中,都只有一个正确选项,而其他三/两个选项被称作干扰项。如果能通过分析选项,巧妙排除一些干扰项,那是再好不过的了。 干扰法则并不是一个单独的法则,它包含以下 5个原则,掌握了这 5个原则,就掌握了应急的 5个小技巧。 二：例题讲解及思路分析 例题Ⅰ：求同原则 如果四个选项中有三个选项明显属于同一话题的范畴,而剩下的一个选项又明显与这三个选项的内容不同,那么该选项往往不是答案。 1：What did Ben Carson's mother tell him to do when he was a schoolboy? ? 选项 分析 A．Watch educational TV programs only.(教育. A.B.都与教育有关,C.提到家务劳动由此可见,C.的内容明显与其他两项不在同一范畴,排除。 B．Write two book reports a week.(教育. C．Help with housework.(家务. 听力原文及翻译呈现： ...He could not watch television except for two programs a week, could not play with his friends after school until he finished his homework, and had to read two books a week, and write book reports about them. His mother's strategy worked. 译文：除了每周两个节目外，他不能看电视，放学后不能和朋友玩，直到他完成作业，每周必须读两本书，并写关于他们的读书报告。他母亲的策略奏效了。 根据原文分析：答案选择B项 例题Ⅱ：相关原则 当选项中有两项提到了同样的内容,或表达的意思有共同点,而另外两项与此内容完全无关时那么正确答案很有可能就在这两项之中,这时需要仔细捕捉细节,以选择一个最符合题目要求的答案。但如果两个选项意思基本一致或表达同一种含义,那么这两项都不是正确答案。 2：What does the man say about Chinese? 选项 分析 A. It is used by more people than English. A.、B.两项中都出现了比较级,因此答案可 能在这两个选项当中 B. It is more difficult to learn than English. C. It will be as commonly used as English. 听力原文及翻译呈现： W: Hi, Leo, why do you say English would become the world language? M: Well. For one thing, it's so commonly used. The only language that is used by more people is Chinese. W：嗨，Leo，你为什么说英语会成为世界语言？ M：嗯。首先，它非常常用。唯一被更多人使用的语言是中文。 根据原文分析：答案选择A项 例题Ⅲ：包含原则 在做四选一/三选一的选择题时，“包含取大”的原则应用得比较广泛。即在四/三个选项中,当选项内容有重叠时,表述更为全面的选项一般为正确选项。当一个选项的意思明显包含另一个选项时,被包含的这个选项往往不是正确答案。 3：What do we learn about the Preston Bypass? 选项 分析 A. It made news all over the world A.“它成了世界新闻” C.“它吸引了很多司机”均描述了It 的细节信息,而 B.“它开启了汽车旅行的新时代”表述更具有概括性,因此很可能选 B.。 B. It marked a new era in motor travel C. It attracted large numbers of motorists. 听力原文及翻译呈现： Until then, no one really understood what a motorway was, not even the laborers who were building it. The bypass held a new era in motor travel and was greeted with excitement and optimism. Service