2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析（173-174）讲义-2024届高考英语一轮复习

1、 长难句翻译 1. In the last few decades, scientists have reached consensus and reported that human beings are causing changes in the Earth’s climate -- something previously seen as beyond our control. 2. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients. 2、 长难句翻译解析 1. In the last few decades, scientists have reached consensus and reported that human beings are causing changes in the Earth’s climate -- something previously seen as beyond our control. A.内容解析 ①句式分析 本句是复合句，含有一个that引导的宾语从句，主句中运用了现在完成时。 ②词语点拨 1) reach (a) consensus 达成共识，达成一致意见 It is very difficult for them to reach a consensus on this issue. 他们在这个问题上很难取得一致意见。 2) beyondprep. 超过；越过；在…较远的一边 The delay was caused by heavy weather and was beyond our control. 延迟是由恶劣天气造成的，我们无法控制。 The beauty of the scene was beyond compare. 景色之美无与伦比。 Linda always wondered what was beyond the horizon. 琳达总是纳闷着地平线的那一边是什么。 ③语法点拨 现在完成时的构成：has/have done，常表示“某一动作或状态发生在过去，对现在有影响”，也可表示“持续到现在的动作或状态”。常用的时间状语：for或since引导的时间状语及before, until now, up till now, so far, up to the moment, in the last few years等。如： We have booked a room for today and tomorrow. 我们已经预订了今天和明天的房间。 The house has been empty for ages. 这幢房子已经空了相当长时间了。（现在仍空着） B.句式翻译 最近几十年，科学家们达成共识并报道说，人类正在引起地球的气候变化—而这在以前看来是我们不能控制的。 2. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients. ①内容分析 这又是个结构很工整的句子。主要逻辑关系“since”把全句一分为二，两边各有一个并列关系的连词结构“and”和“not only……but also”。 Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean 变暖改变了海洋的关键特点 and can affect phytoplankton growth, 并且能影响浮游植物生长 句子的前半部分，and并列两个谓语动作changes和can affect，主语则是统一的warming。注意，这里如果把changes当成名词复数，and就没有并列对象了，整个句子就混乱了。“改变”和“影响”其实就是近义词。 since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, 因为他们需要不仅阳光和二氧化碳来成长 but also nutrients. 而且营养 为什么warming能改变和影响呢？后半句话给出解释。“not only……but also”在这里并列的是“阳光二氧化碳和营养”，实际上在n