Welcome unit Discovering useful structures 课件-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Welcome Unit Learn to know the basic sentence structures of English. Learn to analyze the structure of the sentences from the text. How do you express your ideas, by sentences or words? Sentences. What makes a sentence? S subject 主语 V verb 谓语动词 O object 宾语 P predicative 表语 DO direct object 直接宾语 IO indirect object 间接宾语 C object complement 宾语补足语 main elements A adverbial 状语 attributive 定语 used to modify a word or sentence S 主语是句子陈述或说明的对象，是执行句子的行为或动作的主体 My cat keeps catching birds. SV He is working. He will come. SP He is a teacher. He is friendly. 谓语是主语所做的动作。 表语是对主语特征的描述。 SVO SP He looks at a table. He looks young. 宾语是动作作用的对象。 表语是对主语特征的描述。表语前的动词叫系动词。 SVOO He gives me a pen. 间接宾语通常是人，直接宾语通常是物。 SVOC He asks us to take a notebook. 宾语补足语补充说明宾语的动作或状态。 He talked too much. 状语修饰动词，形容词、副词或整个句子。 状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步及方式等的副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、名词、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当 SVA I had my first maths class at senior high school. SVOA Discovering Useful Structures ★subject: the noun group that refers to the person or thing that is doing the action expressed by the verb. 主语是句子陈述或说明的对象，是执行句子的行为或动作的主体，如： My cat keeps catching birds. my cat 为主语 ★object: the word or phrase which completes the structure begun by the verb or preposition. 宾语完成由动词或介词开始的结构的单词或短语，如： They asked to see my passport. to see my passport是动词asked的宾语，这是动宾结构 Did you write down what he said? what he said是介词down的宾语，这是介宾结构 ★verb: word which is used with a subject to say what someone or something does or what happens to them, or to give information about them. 谓语动词与主语连用，表示某人或某事做了什么或发生了什么，如： Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. were produced为谓语动词 ★predicative: 是指说明主语的身份、特征和状态的词或从句，表语常放在be动词后，由名词、形容词、介词短语、动名词、不定式来充当，如： Our duty is to make our environment better. to make 作表语 12 Discovering Useful Structures ★adverbial: 状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步及方式等的副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、名词、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。 如： The boy was praised for his bravery. for his bravery是介词短语，在句中作原因状语 ★direct object: directly affected by or inv