非谓语动词做状语（doing、done、to do）课件-2024届高三英语一轮复习

一、非谓语动词的各种形式 非谓语动词   主动式 被动式 含义 动词-ing形式 一般式 （not）doing being done 其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生 完成式 （not）having done having been done 其表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前 一、非谓语动词的各种形式 非谓语动词   主动式 被动式 含义 不定式 一般式 （not）to do to be done 不定式的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或在其后发生 过去分词 done 与句中主语/被修饰词为逻辑上的被动关系，表完成 分类 1.做修饰成分 定语 状语 补语 2.做主干成分 主语 宾语 表语 非谓语做状语 一、to do做状语 二、doing 做状语 三、done做状语 1. 不定式to do做目的状语： I stopped the car _________ (have) a rest. I got up very early _________(catch) the bus. 注：to do 放在后面的时候，且前面没逗号 to have to catch 一、to do做状语 =I stopped the car in order to have a rest =I stopped the car so as to have a rest =I got up very early in order to catch the bus. =I got up very early so as to catch the bus. 做目的状语，可与in order to do, so as to do 换用； 。 =To have a rest ，I stopped the car. =To catch the bus, I got up very early. （注：使用to do 时，非谓语动词动作发生在谓语动词之后） 2. to do做结果状语， only to do结果却.. only to be done 结果却被... enough to do足够...去做某事too...to do太……而不能 He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left He hurried to the booking office only to be told that all the tickets had been sold out. 3.They need several men strong enough to do the work. 4.He is too young to go to school. 他赶快去火车站，结果却发现火车已经离开了。 他太小了以致于不能去上学。 他赶快去售票处结果却被告知所有票被卖完了。 他们需要几个做够强壮的人来做这个工作。 二、doing做状语 doing表主动、进行，作状语时，非谓语动词与其 逻辑主语之间存在主动关系. (一)形式：①doing， 句子. ②句子，doing. (三)逻辑主语：非谓语作状语时，非谓语动词的 逻辑主语是句子的主语或者整个句子 (二)用法：做时间状语、原因状语、结果状语、条件状语、让步状语、伴随状语、方式状语. 注：doing中非谓语动词中表示的动作与谓语动词动作几乎 同时发生， having done完成式中的非谓语动词表示的动作 在谓语动作之前发生 (1) 做时间状语，表示时间，相当于when、while、as等引导的一个时间状语从句。 　　 ①Crossing the road, the old man was knocked over by a car. 二、doing做状语 =When the old man crossed the road, the old man was knocked over by a car. 当他穿过马路的时候，这个老人被车撞倒。 逻辑主语 ②Having finished his homework, he went to bed. 在完成家庭作业之后，他去睡觉. =After he finished his homework, he went to bed. 1. ( approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height. 2. (turn)off all the lights in