专题11 阅读提分法精讲+阅读短文精练 (含答案)--2023-2024学年五年级英语上册期末专项复习（译林三起）

期末专题11 阅读提分法精讲+阅读短文精练 (含答案) 第一部分：阅读提分法 第一招 “三步法”解细节理解题 Ⅰ. 题型解读 “细节理解题”是指原文中提到了某信息，题干针对原文中的相关信息进行设题，此类题主要考查学生对阅读内容的理解及分析能力。 “细节理解题”可分为直接细节理解题和间接细节理解题。直接细节理解题的题干是直接针对原文具体叙述本身进行设题，问题的答案一般在原文中能直接找到；间接细节理解题一般不能直接在原文中找到问题的答案，而是需要借助同义词转换、概念解析、归纳事实等方法对原文信息（单词、词组或者一个、几个句子）进行适当变化，最后找到问题的答案。 细节理解题的命题形式一般有以下几种: 1. 用what/where/when/who/which/why/how 等提问的题型。[ 2. 是非判断题。即根据原文判断某种说法或句子的正误。 3. 根据原文中的某一个信息或某一句的内容设题，题干一般以挖空的形式呈现，做题方式包括选择或填空。 Ⅱ. 方法指导 细节理解题可用“三步法”解题，即通过画、找、定三个步骤找到问题的答案。 第一步：画。在题干中画出关键词。即主要画出题干中的主语及相关的活动、时间或地点位置 等关键词。 第二步：找。回原文中找到与题干中关键词对应的句子。直接细节理解题一般根据题干中的关 键词可在原文中找到相应的句子，间接细节理解题可通过题干中关键词的同义词转换、概念解析、事实归纳等方法在原文中找到对应的句子。 第三步：定。根据原文中对应的句子确定问题的答案。 典例1: Sam, Amy and Lingling went to the park last Sunday. They went there by bus. They met Lulu in the park. Lulu is Lingling’s friend. Lulu lives near the park. They played games in the park. Then they saw a noodle shop. They were hungry and had noodles. They finished their noodles and walked home. They had a happy day. 根据短文内容，选择正确的选项。 ( ) Where did Sam, Amy and Lingling go last Sunday? A. They went to school. B.They went to the park. C. They went to Lulu’s home. ·解题技巧： 第一步画出题干中的关键词。此题题干是一个特殊疑问句，首先画出问句中的主语Sam, Amy and Lingling及关键的活动时间last Sunday (上周日）。 第二步根据题干中的关键词回到原文中寻找相对应的句子，即“Sam, Amy and Lingling went to the park last Sunday.”。 第三步将所给选项与原文中的相关句子一一对比，可以确定此题答案选B。 提分练1：Longlong and his parents went to Shanghai last summer. They went there by train. On the first day, they went to the science museum by bus. On the second day, he went to the beach with his father. There were lots of people on the beach. He played volleyball. And he went swimming in the sea. On the third day, he visited his uncle. They had a big dinner in a big restaurant. He likes the food very much. Then they went back home by plane. He had a good time. 根据短文内容，选择正确的选项。 ( ) 1.Where did Longlong go last summer? A. He went to Beijing. B. He went to Shanghai. C. He stayed at home. ( ) 2.How did they go to the science museum? A. They went