2023年中考英语复习语法+阅读 训练

L6 Part 1 Intensive Reading Why Do Smells Trigger Memories? Whenever I smell the pages of a brand-new book, I am reminded of all the late night reading I did as a kid. I can even feel the soft fabric (织物) on the arms of my favorite reading chair and sense the quiet of a house where every-one else is asleep. The stresses of the day start to give way to feelings of calm and focus. We have an armchair in my daughter’s room very similar to my childhood reading chair, but sitting in it does not quite bring back those memories as effectively as that new book.In fact, I am not alone. Many of us have had experiences where a certain smell perhaps chlorine (氯), fresh baked cookies, or the salty beach air - floods our brain with memories of a distinct event or location that we associate clearly with certain emotions. But why is it that, even though most of us rely on sight rather than smell day to day, it is our sense of smell that better triggers our memory and emotions? The link may simply be due to the architectural layout of our brain.The process through which molecules (分子) in the air are transformed by our brain into what we interpret as smells and the mechanisms (机制) our brain uses to categorize and interpret those odors is a complicated one. When you smell something, the neurons (神经元) of your olfactory receptor (唤觉受体) cells send a signal to a part of your brain called the olfactory bulb (嗅球). About 1,000 genes play a role in coding different types of olfactory receptors,each of which focuses on a small subset of odors. Those signals then pass to microregions that specialize in different odors within the olfactory bulb. The olfactory bulb is then responsible for interpreting those signals into what we perceive as smells. Your olfactory bulb runs from your nose to the base of your brain. It is directly connected to your amygdala (杏仁体), the area of the brain responsible for processing emotions, and to your hippocampus (海马体), an area linked to memory. Scientists have sugg