内容正文:
第一节 研析高考知考情
完形填空是一种综合性极强的题型,主要考查考生的综合理解能力和语言运用能力,要求考生具备扎实的词汇、语法知识,并且能够灵活运用语言知识、文化背景知识和生活常识,通过文章的行文逻辑理清语篇中的线索。由于完形填空各设空处间距较短,考生在做题时,容易因为文章信息不完整而无法准确把文章脉络,导致出现理解障碍而失分。
[近三年高考卷考情分析]
年份
卷名
体裁
主题
考点分布
主题语境
主题语境内容
句内层
次题
句组层
次题
语篇层
次题
词性考查
2023
新课标
Ⅰ卷
记叙文
人与社会
救助受伤对手
6
6
3
动词(短语)5个;名词8个;形容词2个
新课标
Ⅱ卷
记叙文
人与社会
宠物公益航班
6
5
4
动词(短语)7个;名词3个;形容词4个;副词1个
全国乙卷
记叙文
人与自我
黑人女性
夺冠经历
9
8
3
动词(短语)12个;名词3个;形容词3个;副词1个;短语1个
全国甲卷
夹叙夹议文
人与自我
不要以貌取“物”
7
10
3
动词(短语)8个;名词4个;形容词7个;介词1个
2022
新高考
Ⅰ卷
记叙文
人与自我
露营经历
8
4
3
动词(短语)5个;名词5个;形容词3个;副词1个;介词1个
全国乙卷
说明文
人与自我
与捉迷藏相关的
儿童发展实验
9
7
4
动词(短语)7个;名词7个;形容词4个;副词2个
全国甲卷
记叙文
人与社会
宠物情缘
10
6
4
动词(短语)8个;名词7个;形容词3个;副词1个;介词短语1个
2021
新高考
Ⅰ卷
记叙文
人与自我
烘焙兼职
工作经历
7
5
3
动词(短语)9个;名词4个;形容词2个
全国乙卷
记叙文
人与社会
表达感谢
9
6
5
动词(短语)10个;名词7个;形容词1个;副词2个
全国甲卷
记叙文
人与自然
海鸥引发的
酒店混乱
10
7
3
动词(短语)10个;名词5个;形容词4个;副词1个
[近三年高考卷命题规律]
[典例呈现] (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a crosscountry race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____41____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____42____ came because she was carrying a ____43____ across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than twothirds of the way through her ____44____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____45____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____46____ . She couldn't. Bailey then ____47____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____48____ attention.
Once there, Lenoue was ____49____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme ____50____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey's help.
As for Bailey, she is more ____