考点清单06 some和any以及There be归纳+专题练习【考点清单】-2023-2024学年七年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲（牛津译林版）

上学期期末考点大串讲 清单06 some和any 以及There be总结及专练 【知识梳理】 （一）some & any词汇辨析 1.some常用在肯定句中，接可数名词复数或不可数名词。 如：Some people work to live,and some live to work一些人工作是为了活着，一些人活着是为了工作。 I'd like some coffee with milk.我想要点加奶的咖啡 2. any多用于疑问句，否定句，或条件句中，表示“一些”既可以指可数名词复数，也可指不可数名词。 如: Have you got any money with you? 你身上带钱了吗? There won't be any trouble.不会有麻烦。 If you have any books,please give me some如果你有书，请给我一些。 注意:(1)some有时也用于疑问句中，表示说话者希望对方给予肯定的回答。如:Would you like some tea? 你想喝点茶吗? (2) any 有时也可用于肯定句中，表示“任何一个”“任何一比”。 如: Any normal child can learn a language very quickly任何正常的儿童学习一门语言都非常快。 (3)“some/any of+...”结构作主语时，谓语动词需要根据 of后面的名词单复数而定。 如: Some of the food has gone bad.有些食品变质了。 I don't think any of them are coming.我认为他们没人会来。 (4) some 还可指某一个，此时常修饰可数名词的单数形式some的这种用法暗含不认识，不知道，不感兴趣，不重视等意思。 如:Some person parked his car here.有人把车停在了这里 （二）There be 结构 There is /are表示“某地有/存在某物 1.肯定句式: There is /are+"，+表示地点的介词短语 There is a bed in this room. There are many eggs in the kitchen. 2.否定句式: There is /are+not+”，+表示地点的介词短语There is not / isn't a school here. There are not / aren’t any students in the classroom. 3.一般疑问句句式: Is /Are there+名词+表示地点的介词短语? 回答用: Yes，there is /are.或No，there isn't/aren’t. —Is there a hospital near here? —Yes，there is.是的，有。 /No， there isn't.不，没有。 —Are there any flowers in the garden? —Yes, there are.是的，有。/ No, there aren’t.不，没有 4.特殊疑问句旬式:在一般疑问句前加相应的疑问词。 How many people are there in your family? How much water is there in the bottle? [注意] (l)当 there be 后面有两个或两个以上名词时，动词 be 要与离它最近的名词一致，即遵循“就近原则”。 There is a book and two pencils on the desk. There are some students and a teacher in the classroom. (2)问“......有......”时，不论回答是单数还是复数，都用句型 what's...或 what is...?而不用 What is there...?或 What are there...? —what's on the table?—There are some boxes on it. —what's in the bowl?—There is some rice. 5.对画线部分提问 there be 句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化: 1.对主语提问: (1)当主语是人时,用“Who’s+介词短语?” (2)当主语是物时,用“What’s + 介词短语?” 注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用 be 的“单数"形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定). 2.对地点状语提问:提问地点当然用“Where is /are+主语?” 3.对数量提问:一般有两