Unit 6 学案 知识归纳+语法点拨+错题练习 2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语七年级上册
牛津英语7AUnit6 基础巩固+拓展提优训练—教师版
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| lifestyle =how we live 生活方式 ; diet = what we eat 日常饮食 |
2 | keep (vt.) 保持 ①keep+形容词 keep healthy/fit保持健康 ②keep sb/sth+adj. keep the classroom clean ③keep.. .away(from)使...远离 ; ④ keep(on) doing sth. 持续做某事 |
3 | Kinds of food:vegetables, meat, drinks, fruits, snacks...... Meat(肉类不可数):chicken,fish,pork,beef...... |
4 | health(名词)— healthy(形容词)—healthily(副词)—unhealthy/ unhealthily(反义词) be in good health= be healthy ; be good/bad for our health 对健康有益/有害 ; healthy food/ lifestyles |
5 | fit ①(adj.)健康的,合适的; keep healthy/fit ②(v.) 合适,合身,可容纳 fit well |
6 | meal (n.)一餐 between meals 两餐之间; cook meals 做饭 |
7 | sugar 【u】n.(食用)糖 have too much sugar有太多糖分 → Sweets(可数)are bad for my teeth. |
8 | tooth (n.)牙齿 →(pl.)teeth 刷牙brush one’s teeth 类似: foot-feet |
9 | change ① v. 改变 change...into... 把......变成 ; ② n.变化;零头,找零 Here is your change. |
10 | plan ① v.打算,计划 过去式planned—现在分词planning 用法:plan to do sth.打算做; plan for sth.为......计划 ② n.计划 make/have a plan e.g. I’ll make a plan for the holiday. |
11 | pool 水池,水塘 a swimming pool游泳池 → 区分:poor (adj.)贫穷的 |
12 | piece (n.)块,片,张,件(量词) 例:a piece of bread; a piece of paper; a piece of news |
13 | glass ①(n. 玻璃杯,可数),two glasses of water 两杯水; ② (n. 玻璃,不可数),be made of glass 由玻璃制成 ③(n. 眼镜,通常以复数形式出现),a pair of glasses ;wear glasses |
14 | less than 少于 → 反义词:more than=over 多于,超过 e.g. Eat less and exercise more少吃多锻炼 拓展:many/much- more- most ; little- less- least at most 至多; at least 至少 |
15 | go walking= go for a walk = take a walk 去散步 |
16 | number (n.)数量 total number of......的总数 e.g. What’s the total number of the students? 学生总数是多少? 辨析:①the number of+名复(......的数量)动词用三单 ②a number of+名复( =many,许多) +动词用复数 |
17 | order ①(v.) 点(菜);命令,指挥;订购,订货 e.g. What would you like to order?你想要点什么? ②(n.)点菜 take the order;条理,顺序 keep sth in order(使......保持井然有序);命令;订单 |
18 | 区分:①all right 行了,好吧 ②that's right.那是对的。 ③that’s all right. 没关系。 |
19 | energy(u. n.)能量,精力 much/ a lot of energy许多能量 |
20 | whole (adj.)整个的 the whole afternoon =all the afternoon整个下午;the whole class=all the class 全班 |
U6 Food and lifestyle知识点归纳
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牛津英语7AUnit6 基础巩固+拓展提优训练—教师版
【语法归纳】
一. 可数名词和不可数名词 普通名词按照其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。
1.可数名词 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。如:an apple; two apples 。
★ 注意: a 用于以辅音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前; an 用于以元音音素开头的单数名词前。
如:a book/buk/, a useful/ju:sful/ book ,an apple/’aepl/ ,a red apple , an hour/’aua/
2.不可数名词:
不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词,没有复数形式,不能与数词或不定冠词连用。
(1)物质名词。如: water; rice; tea; milk; food; fruit; meat; fish(鱼肉); chicken(鸡肉); beef; mutton; orange(橙汁);sugar; salt; paper(纸); porridge; bread; sand; juice等。 这类不可数名词需要计量时要在名词前加表示量的词。如:a cup of tea; two bags of rice; three bottles of water等。
(2)抽象名词。如: news; music; time(时间); information等。
(3)注意:有些名词既可做可数名词也可做不可数名词。如:fish; time; glass; orange; room; chicken等。
二. 名词的数
1. 可数名词复数形式的规则变化:
情况 | 构成方法 | 读音 | 例词 |
一般情况 | 加 -s | 清辅音后读/s/ | map-maps |
浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ | bag-bags /car-cars | ||
以s, sh, ch, x等结尾 | 加 -es | 读 /iz/ | bus-buses/ watch-watches Wish-wishes/ box-boxes |
以辅音字母+y结尾 | 变y 为i再加es | 读 /z/ | baby---babies; family-families |
以元音字母+y结尾 | 直接加s | 读 /z/ | boy---boys |
以f或fe结尾的名词, | 变f或fe为v,再加es | 读 /vz/ | shelf→shelves, wolf→wolves, life→lives, knife→knives. |
以o结尾的名词 | 加 -s |
| radio-radios |
加 -es |
| tomato- tomatoes |
- 可数名词复数形式的的不规则变化
(1)元音或词尾发生变化
如:man→men; woman→women; Frenchman→Frenchmen; tooth→teeth; foot→feet; child→children
(2)单复数形式相同
如:sheep→sheep; fish→fish; Chinese→Chinese; Japanese→Japanese; people→people
(3)形式为单数意思为复数 如:family, class,police(集合名词)
(4)词尾s不表示复数,如:news, maths, physics, the United States等。
(5)常用复数形式,如:trousers, shorts(短裤), clothes,glasses(眼镜),noodles,chopsticks等。
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牛津英语7AUnit6 基础巩固+拓展提优训练—教师版
3. 不可数名词的量的表示:(不能直接用数字;不能直接加a/an;无复数形式)
(1)表不定数量时,一般用much,(a)little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等词修饰。
(2)表确定数量时,一般用“数词+量词+of+不可数名词。
如:a piece of paper 一张纸 three cups of coffee 三杯咖啡 five kilos of meat 五公斤肉
三、名词作句子成分:
★1.名词作主语
1) .表示时间、金钱、距离作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
例:Two hours ______(be) enough for us to get there . Two years ______(pass) since we met last time.
2).量词短语“数字+量词+ of +…”作主语时,谓语动词应与量词保持一致。
A pair of shoes _______(be) under the bed . Two pieces of paper _______(be) on the desk .
3).名词+介词(with、except 、along with ….)+名词作主语时,谓语动词应与前面的名词保持一致。
The teacher with the students _________(be) planting trees on the hill .
4).短语“neither…nor…、either…or…、not only…but also …”连接主语时,谓语动词实行就近原则。
Not only my parents but also I ______ (be) interested in swimming .
★2.名词作定语
1)名词作定语时,一般用单数形式。变复数时,名词中的中心词变为复数形式。
如:a banana tree→banana trees; a shoe factory→shoe factories
2)名词作定语时,个别情况用复数形式。(sport )
如:The sports meeting will be held next week .
3)man、woman 作定语时,man、woman随后面的名词单复数而变。 如 two women teachers
随堂检测
( )1.—___beef do you want?—One and a half .
A.How many; kilo B.How much; kilos C.How many; kilos D.How much; kilo
( )2. Would you like for lunch?
A. some chickens B.any chickens C. some chicken D.any chicken
( )3.—Would you like some drinks, boys? —Yes,___, please.
A. some oranges B. two glasses of oranges
C. two pieces of bread D. two glasses of orange
( )4.There is eating grass on the hill.
A. a few sheep B. a little sheep (一只小羊) C.a few sheeps D. little sheep
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