2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(79-80)讲义-2024届高考英语一轮复习

1、 长难句翻译 79. While Washington and Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, they also understood that it was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country they helped to create. 80. We can't say for sure whether a global nuclear war would cause a nuclear winter that is severe enough to pose an existential threat to humanity. 2、 长难句翻译解析 79. While Washington and Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, they also understood that it was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country they helped to create. 01断句 该句的信号词有： ①标点符号逗号 ②从句引导词that ③从句划分 所以断句完成后如下： While Washington and Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, / they also understood / that it was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country / they helped to create. 02找主谓，定主从 第一个主谓结构是Washington and Jefferson expressed；第二个主谓结构是they understood ; 第三个主谓结构是it was ;第四个主谓结构是：they helped; 根据信号词也可以判断该句有3个从句，找完后标记如下： While Washington and Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, / they also understood / that it was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country / they helped to create. 03分析主句和从句 本句的主干是：they understood sth... ①前半句是While引导的让步状语从句，while在这里的意思是“虽然，尽管”，从句的主语是Washington华盛顿和Jefferson杰斐逊这两个人，谓语是expressed。 学习一下本部分的重点词汇： privately: adv.单独，私下；私下地 eg: Privately, Harriet had to agree. 哈丽雅特私下里不得不同意。 distaste: n.不喜欢，厌恶，反感 eg: her distaste for any form of compromise 她对任何形式的妥协的反感 slavery: n. 奴隶制度;奴役 eg: They thought slavery was morally wrong. 他们当时认为奴隶制是不道义的。 ②这部分中，是本句的主干部分，主句主语是they，谓语是understood。后面that引导的是宾语从句，作understood的宾语。it指代slavery。part of: ...的一部分 学习一下本部分的重点词汇： political：adj.政治上的，政权的，有关行政的 eg: Education is now a major political issue. 教育目前是个主要的政治议题。 bedrock: n. 基本事实，基本原则；基石，基础 eg: Marriage and children are the bedrock of family life. 婚姻和子女是家庭生活的基础。 ③最后一部分是一个小定语从句，因为做从句中的宾语，所以省略了连词that。定语从句修饰country。 04参考译文 尽管华盛顿和杰斐逊私下里都表达了对奴隶制的反感，但是他们也都知道奴隶制是他们努力创建的国家的政治和经济基石的一部分。 80. We can't say for sure whether a global nuclear war would caus