2023年中考英语复习词性精讲精练-冠词 讲义

词性讲解 (Parts of speech) 1. 名词 noun n. student 学生 2. 代词 pronoun pron. you 你 3. 形容词 adjective adj. happy 高兴的 4. 副词 adverb adv. quickly 迅速地 5. 动词 verb v. cut 砍、割 6. 数词 numeral num. three 三 7. 冠词 article art. a 一个 8. 介词 preposition prep. at 在... 9. 连词 conjunction conj. and 和 10. 感叹词 interjection interj. oh 哦 六、冠词 概念：冠词是经常加在名词前面的一个辅助词，限制名词的意义。 冠词在句子中不能单独作一个成分，是虚词。 范围：a, an, the 不定冠词a, an 1. 泛指某一类人或事物中的一个或一类。 e.g: An elephant is much heavier than a horse. His father is a taxi driver. 2. 用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。 e.g: I have read the books twice, but I want to read a third time. 3. a / an 的区别 a 用在辅音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前，an 用在元音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前。 特殊词： a usual boy; a useful book; a university; a one–leg dog an honest boy; an hour; an honor an “a , e , i , o , f, h , l , m , n , r , s , x ” 4. 第一次提到某人或某物而非特指时。 e.g：There is a book on the desk, but the book isn’t mine. 5. 用于表时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前，有“每一”的意思，相当于every。 e.g：three times a week; half an hour 6. 某些固定短语与不定冠词有搭配关系。 e.g：have a good time; a few; get a cold; pay a visit; take a seat; make a living 【Exercise】 1. I have ________ apple. He has ________ orange . 2. This is ________ egg. 3. Jim is ________ honest boy and he is ________ university student . 4. Do you have ________ computer ? 5. There is ________ car in front of the house. 6. English is ________ useful language. 7. He is ________ unhappy boy. 8. My father will come back in ________ hour. 9. There is ________ beautiful flower. 10. There is ________ “u” and ________ “s” in the word “use” 11. Please take ________ seat and have ________ rest. 定冠词 the 1. 定冠词the, 用来特指某人或某物， 双方都知道的人或物的名词前， 或用于第二次提到的某人或某物。 Is this the book that you are looking for? 2. 表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前 The sun is bigger than the moon. 3. 用在序数词或形容词最高级前 the youngest / the most beautiful / the first (second, third, fourth) March is the third month of a year. He is the