Unit 9 语法定语从句 学案 2023-2024学年人教版英语九年级全册

9年级英语Unit9 I like music that I can dance to. Grammar Focus 定语从句 学定语从句,首先要理解英语句子成分——定语 一、什么是定语 定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用“……的”表示。定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。 He is a clever boy.(形容词作定语) His father works in a steel work.(名词作定语) There are 54 students in our class.(数词) Do you known betty’s sister?(名词所有格) He bought some sleeping pills.(现代分词) His spoken language is good.(过去分词,相当于形容词) 基础操练:请画出下列句中的定语。 1. What is your family name? 2. The boy in blue is Tom. 3. The man downstairs was trying to sleep. 4. There are five boys who will play the game. 参考答案: 1. What is your family name? 2. The boy in blue is Tom. 3. The man downstairs was trying to sleep. 4. There are five boys who will play the game. 二、定语从句:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 被定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句通常跟在先行词之后,由关系词(that, which, who, whom, whose等)引出,因此,定语从句有可称为关系分句。 Eg. The woman who is standing by the classroom is our English teacher. 站在教室旁边的那个女人是我们的英语老师。 This is the room where Lu Xun once lived. 这是鲁迅曾经住过的房间。 关系词常有三个作用:1、引导定语从句;2、代替先行词;3、在定语从句中担当一个成分。 记忆:关系代词和关系副词的基本用法 关系代词 指人 指物 主语 宾语 定语 表语 主语 宾语 定语 表语 that,who that,who, whom (可省) whose that that,which that, which (可省) whose that 关系副词 时间 地点 原因 when=介词+which where=介词+which why=for which [注]学习定语从句时,必须加强对从句句子结构的分析,切记关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语和表语,而关系副词在定语从句中作状语。 【归纳总结】: (1)当先行词指人时,可用that, who, whom;引导词在从句做主语时,用that或 who都可以,在从句中作宾语时只用whom; (2)当先行词指物时用that或 which,既可做主语也可做宾语; (3)whose既可指人又可指物,其中whose在句中做定语,表示一种所有关系。这些关系代词在定语从句中作主语和宾语,作主语时关系代词不可省略,作宾语时可以省略。 例如: ①I like music(先行词)that / which(关系代词)I can dance to. ②I love singers(先行词)who / that(关系代词)write their own songs. ③The girl(先行词)whom(关系代词)you met days ago moved to another city. 在①句中,关系代词that / which在从句中作宾语,可以省略。 在②句中,关系代词who / that 在从句中作主语,不可以省略。 在③句中,关系代词whom 在从句中作宾语,可以省略。(注意:在口语中常用who代替whom) 【疑点之二】定语从句中谓语动词的单复数如何确定? 【答疑解难】关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词在人称和数上须和先行词保持一致。如: ①That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookstore. ②The old woman who is wearing a pair of glasses is my grandma. 【疑点之三】The city( that / which )she lives in is v