2024届高考英语语法被动语态的基本变法与应用课件

高中英语语法 被动语态的基本变法与应用--by LILY2023塔三 一、被动语态的定义： 语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。当主语是谓语动作的执行者，则为主动语态；当主语是谓语动作的承受者，则为被动语态。 被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。 (二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以give 为例，列表如下： 一般现在时： am / is / are + given 一般过去时： was / were +given 一般将来时： shall / will +be+ given 现在进行时： am / is / are + being + given 现在完成时： have / has + been + given 过去完成时： had + been + given 过去进行时： was / were + being + given 过去将来时： should / would +be+ given 将来完成时： shall / will + have been + given 过去将来完成时： should / would + have been + given  ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 (三)被动语态常用的八种时态及情态动词的被动语态 1.They make shoes in that factory. Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般现在时的被动语态构成 ： S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词 1. 一般现在时： (is /am /are + done) 一般现在时： (is /am /are + done) The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher 2. They bought ten computers last term． Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词 2. 一般过去时：(was / were ) 一般过去时：(was / were+done ) The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten. 3.They will finish the work in ten days. The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 一般将来时： S+will+be+过去分词 3. 一般将来时： will+be+done 一般将来时： will+be+done They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. . Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers 4. 过去将来时：would be + done The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed ( by them )by the end of the year. 过去将来时：would be + done The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible 5.现在进行时：am/is/are + being +done Some workers are painting the rooms now． The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + bei