内容正文:
Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth!
知识点讲解
一、短语:
1. at the bottom of the river 在河的底部 2. be full of the rubbish 充满了垃圾
3. throw litter into the river 把垃圾扔入河中 4. play a part in 尽一份力...
5. land pollution 土地污染 6.cut down air pollution 减少空气污染
7. make a difference 产生影响 8.take action 采取行动
9. ride in cars 开车出行 10. add up 累加
11. use public transportation 使用公共交通 12. recycle books and paper 回收书和废纸
13. use paper napkins 使用纸巾 14. turn off the shower 关掉喷头
15. fill the air with black smoke 使空气中充满了黑烟
二、知识点:
1.not only...but also...的用法:
(1)not only…but also…意为“不仅……而且……”,用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分,着重强调后者,其中的also有时可以省略。如:
She not only plays well, but also writes music. 她不仅很会演奏,而且还会作曲。
He not only writes his own plays, he also acts in them. 他不仅是自编剧本,还饰演其中的角色。
He works not only on weekdays but on Sundays as well. 他不仅平时工作,星期日也工作。
(2)若连接两个成分作主语,其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致,即就近原则。如:
Not only you but also he has to leave. 不只是你,他也得离开。
(2) 若连接两个句子,not only后面的句子要用倒装,如:
Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily.
他不仅说得更正确,而且讲得更不费劲了。
2.take、spend、cost、pay的用法都可以表示“花费”,但用法却不尽相同:
(1)spend的主语必须是人,常用于以下结构:
spend time /money on sth.:在……上花费时间(金钱)。如:
I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。
spend time /money(in)doing sth.:花费时间(金钱)做某事。如:
They spent several million(in)building this bridge. 他们花了几百万造这座桥。
spend money for sth.:花钱买…,如:His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。
(2)cost的主语是物或某种活动,还可以表示“值”,常见用法如下:
sth. costs(sb.)+金钱:某物花了(某人)多少钱。如:
A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。
(doing)sth. costs(sb.)+时间:某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。如:
Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 记住这些单词花了他大量的时间。
注意:cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。
(3)take后面常跟双宾语,常见用法有以下几种:
It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.:做某事花了某人多少时间。如:
It took them three years to build this road. 修完这条路花了他们三年的时间。
doing sth. takes sb.+时间:做某事花了某人多少时间。如:
Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 修这辆车花了他一下午的时间。
(4)pay的基本用法是:
pay(sb.)money for sth.