2024届高考英语语法知识复习与讲解 三大从句讲义（宾语从句 定语从句 状语从句）

高中英语语法知识 复习集 三大从句（宾语从句/定语从句/状语从句） Part1 宾语从句 1、 定义：在一个复合句中，一个完整的句子做宾语的复合句叫做宾语从句。 2、 形式： 形式 动宾从句 及物动词 think/say/tell..... 动词短语 make sure/keep in mind it形式宾语 如find/consider/make/believe/think等+宾语+宾补 介宾从句 depend on/focus on/pay attention to... 形宾从句 有些形容词具有动词的含义，后接宾语从句，sure/certain/glad/pleased/happy/sorry/afraid/satisfied/surprised 例句： I believe that he will offer to help when you are in trouble.(动宾:及物动词) I don’t know whether he will come or not.(动宾:及物动词) I make sure that I will finish my work in two hours.(动宾:动词短语) Please keep in mind that you are supposed to doing more exercise.(动宾:动词短语) I find it hard that we finish our work in two hours.(动宾:it形式宾语) It depends on whether he will come tomorrow.(介宾) I am sure that he will offer to help when you are in trouble.(形宾) I am happy that you can come here.(形宾) 3、 三大考点： 引导词 that 无意义 可省 不作成分 if /whether 有意义“是否” 不可省 不作成分 特殊疑问词 有意义 不可省 作成分/不作成分 语序 陈述语序，即“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。 We don't know who they are.( √ ) 引导词做主语，语序不变。 I don't know what's wrong?( √ ) 时态 主现从随便 He says (that) he was a teacher two years ago. 主过从必过 He said (that) he would be a great engineer in the future. 真理永一现 He said (that) there is a will,there is a way. 习题： · I need to review I have learned in class. · You will find that high school is full of challenges and all of you have much potential to realize. · I am very grateful for you I have done for me. Part2 定语从句 1、 定义：在一个复合句中，一个句子作定语的复合句就是定语从句。 2、 分类： He has a son who/that works in Beijing. He has a son ,who works in Beijing. He lost the game,which made me sad. As is well known, he was a famous film star in the 1980s. 类别 语法意义及特征 翻译 形式 限制性 对先行词修饰限制，若去掉，主句意思就不明确。 译为“.....的”结构 主句和从句之间无逗号，联系紧密 非限制性 对先行词作附加说明 译为两个简单句 主句和从句之间有逗号，联系较松散 3、 结构（三要素）：先行词+关系词+定语。 1. 先行词：被修饰的名词/代词 2. （定语）：修饰名词/代词的成分 3. 关系词：连接主句和从句，有时候在定语中充当主语或宾语 Do you know the man（ who is talking with your mother?） 4、 关系词 关系词 先行词 从句成分 例句 非限制定语从句 关系代词 who 人 主语，宾语