Unit1 Section Ⅲ Grammar——限制性定语从句（3）-【正禾一本通】2023-2024学年新教材高一英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（人教版2019）

　　　　　　 【教材原句感悟】 1．There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. 2．Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt's cultural heritage． 3．After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem，and citizens who lived near the dam，the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959. 4．Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece，and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water． 5．Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow. 6．Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO，which runs a programme that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing． [考点领悟] 1．句1－6加黑部分都是限制性定语从句。 2．句2，3，5，6中，先行词都是表示人或物的名词，所以其后的定语从句用关系代词who或者that 来引导；先行词在从句中作的都是主语，关系代词不能省略。 3．句1，4中，先行词分别是表示时间和地点的名词，且在后面的从句中作状语，所以用关系副词when和where来引导。 4．句6中，which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词UNESCO。 【语法知识讲练】 一、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 1．限制性定语从句 它是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，书写时不可用逗号分开。 Do you know the girl who just came in? 你认识那个刚刚进来的女孩吗？ 2．非限制性定语从句 它只是对先行词作附加补充说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切，书写时往往用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句一般不用that引导。 The old woman, who lives on her own, has a cat for company. 这个老妇人一个人住，养了一只猫陪伴她。 二、关系代词用that不用which的七种情况 1．当先行词是all, something, everything, anything, nothing, little, much, few等不定代词时。 There is nothing that we can do now. 现在我们什么也做不了。 2．当先行词被the only, the last, the very 等修饰时。 This is the very book that I want. 这正是我想要的书。 3．当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 The present time is the best gift that you can give yourself. 当前的时光是你能给自己的最好的礼物。 4．当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 Don't trust the first sign that you see. 不要相信你看见的第一个迹象。 5．当先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。 My mother and her old friends tal