Unit 5 Section Ⅱ Using language—Grammar 现在分词作定语（Word教参）-【优化指导】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第二册（外研版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Using language—Grammar 现在分词作定语 [对应学生用书P104] [观察] 1．In less than 18 months，there were over 200，000 people reading my blog! 2．I love to photograph the rising sun，so I force myself into the natural world by waking early each day. [归纳] 句1和句2中，reading和rising为现在分词，在句中作定语。 [对应学生用书P105] 现在分词作定语在句中通常有两个位置，如果是单个的动词现在分词形式作定语，常放在被修饰词前作前置定语；如果是动词短语的现在分词形式作定语，常放在被修饰词后作后置定语。 He is an attacking player. 他是一个进攻型的运动员。 A little child learning to walk often falls. 学走路的小孩常常跌跤。 Do you know the number of people coming to the party? 你知道来参加晚会的人数吗？ 当动词的现在分词形式作后置定语时，可以相当于相应的定语从句。 A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday. ＝A young man who writes novels came to speak to us yesterday. 一位写小说的青年昨天来给我们做报告。 The girl sitting next to me was my cousin. ＝The girl who sat next to me was my cousin. 坐在我旁边的姑娘是我的表妹。 1．说明被修饰词的性质、特征或用途。现在分词和所修饰的名词之间没有主谓关系，定语相当于一个介词for引导的短语。 They set up an operating table(＝a table for operating) in a small temple. 他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。 He may be in the reading room(＝a room for reading). 他可能在阅览室里。 2．与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作。无论现在分词作前置定语还是后置定语，在逻辑上与所修饰的名词之间为主谓关系，都可改成定语从句。 There were about 200 children studying in the art school. ＝There were about 200 children who were studying in the art school. 有大约二百个孩子在这所艺术学校学习。 Who is the talking woman over there? ＝Who is the woman that is talking over there? 正在说话的那位妇女是谁？ 有些动词的现在分词形式已经转化成形容词，常作定语用来修饰物，表示“令人……的”。这类词也可以转换成定语从句。常用的此类词有：exciting，amusing，amazing，astonishing，shocking，puzzling，confusing，disappointing，discouraging，pleasing，striking，boring，tiring，touching，moving，interesting，satisfying, terrifying，frightening等。 That must have been a terrifying experience. 那一定是一段可怕的经历。 The experiment was an amazing success. 那项试验获得了惊人的成功。 当现在分词作定语时，如果现在分词与被修饰词是被动关系，就用它的被动式，即being done。being done通常表示正在被做，常作后置定语。 The tall building being built now is our new school. 正在建的高楼是我们的新学校。 The question being discussed was presented by the headmaster. 正在被讨论的问题是校长提出的。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$