Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage（Word教参）-【优化指导】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册（译林版2020）

Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage [对应学生用书P36] 过去进行时与过去完成时的被动语态 观察下面句子，说出画线部分的时态。 1．By the time he died in 2016, Ali had been recognized as one of the greatest boxers of all time. 2．After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it was being decorated. 3．He told me that a new station was being built. 4．By the time it ended, more than 700 people had been killed and 2,700 had been injured. 5．By the time I got to the train station，the train had already left. 6．Another bridge was being built over the Changjiang River then. 7．It was the third time that he had been beaten black and blue. 8．My car was being cleaned by my son at ten yesterday morning. [自我归纳] (1)句2、3、6和句8用了过去进行的被动语态，表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的被动动作，谓语动词的构成为：was/were＋being done。 (2)句1、4 、5和句7采用了过去完成时的被动语态，其构成形式为：主语＋had been done。 一、过去进行时的被动语态 表示过去某个时刻正在进行或者发生的被动性的动作。就是指被动状态下的过去正在进行、发生的事情。 1．构成 肯定句：主语＋be(was/were)＋being done＋其他． 否定句：主语＋be(was/were)＋not＋being done＋其他． 一般疑问句：Be(was/were)＋主语＋being done＋其他？ 特殊疑问句：Wh­＋be(was/were)＋主语＋being done＋其他？ Snow White was being told (by the teacher) when I got there. 当我到那里时，《白雪公主》正在被(老师)讲。 Snow White wasn't being told when I got there Was Snow White being told when you got there? Why was Snow White being told (by the teacher)? 2．用法 (1)表示过去进行的被动动作，经常和时间副词when, at this time last week, at this moment yesterday等连用。 This issue was being discussed at this moment yesterday by the company's managers. 这个议题昨天的这个时候正在被公司的经理们讨论。 (2)表示过去某个阶段正在进行的被动动作(说话时动作不一定正在进行) It is said that his car was being repaired last Friday in the garage. 据说他的车上个周五正在修理厂(被)修理。 (3)进行时的被动语态可以由“was/were＋under/on等介词＋名词”结构代替 Many new inventions were on exhibition in the museum at this time last year. ＝Many new inventions were being exhibited in the museum at this time last year. 许多新发明去年的这个时候正在博物馆(被)展出。 He didn't stay in my room last night because it was under repair. ＝He didn't stay in my room last night because it was being repaired. 昨天晚上他没有住在我房间里，因为我的房间正在修缮。 二、过去完成时的被动语态 过去完成时的被动语态表示在过去某一