内容正文:
Unit5 Grammar:The present perfect tense(现在完成时)
如果你想说“我已经看过某部电影,所以不想看了”、“某人曾经做过什么事情”等等,该如果表达呢?首先请看下面的句子:
(1)I have seen the film. I don’t want to see it again.
这部电影我已经看过,不想再看了。
(2)Have you answered all the questions? 所有的问题你都回答了吗?
(3)Have you ever looked at a travel brochure?
你看过旅游宣传册吗?
(4)She has never visited the USA.
她从没有过去美国。
观察:以上句子的谓语动词的一个共同特点是_____________________________, 用于表示在以前的某个时间曾经做过的、发生的事情,这种行为对目前有某种影响。我们把这种时态称为“现在完成时”。
【考点】一:现在完成时的结构、句型及用法
一. 基本结构:助动词have/has+过去分词(done)
选用have, has填空:
1. I _______ told him the news.
2. She ________ come back from school.
3. You ________ won the game.
4. Mary_______ been here for five days.
5. We ________ finished our homework.
二. 句型:
肯定句:主语+have/has+过去分词+其他
否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.
一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他?
简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)
No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定)
把下面变否定句、一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答。
1. I have done my homework.
否定句:_______________________________________
一般疑问句:___________________________________
回答:_________________________________________
2. The plane has arrived.
否定句:_______________________________________
一般疑问句:___________________________________
回答:_________________________________________
三.用法
(1)现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果
I have spent all of my money. (含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)
My father has gone to work. (含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)
(2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用.
①for+时间段
②since+过去一个时间点(译为:自从……以来)
③since+时间段+ago
④since+从句(过去时)
Mary has been ill for three days.
I have lived here since 1998.
用since 或者for 填空
1. I have studied English _______ 5 years.
2. I have studied English _______ 5 years ago.
3. I have studied English _______ 2008.
4. She has taught math _________ 3 years.
5. She has taught math _________ 3 years ago.
6. She has taught math _________ 2010.
典型例题:
1、 选择
( )1.--- __________ you ____________ your dictionary?
--- No. So I have to buy a new one today.
A. Did; find B. Have; foun