第九章 主谓一致 讲义-2024届高三英语一轮复习

目录 第九章 主谓一致 第一节 意义一致 第二节 就近一致 第三节 语法一致 课堂随练 第九章 主谓一致 定义：谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致， 主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致，语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致，意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致，就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。 第一节 语法一致 1. 动词不定式、动词-ing形式和名词性从句作主语,谓语动词一般用单数。 Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day.忙碌一天后,听音乐能使我放松。 [名师点津] what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式，但如果从句表示复数意义，则谓语动词用复数形式。 What the school needs are qualified teachers. 这所学校需要的是有资质的老师。 To learn a foreign language is not so difficult as you think. 学会一门外语并不像你想象的那么难。 That he has won the game is known to us all. 他赢了这场比赛是我们都知道的事。 Swimming in rivers in summer is a good sport, but to swim in rivers in winter needs great willpower.夏天在河里游泳是很好的运动，但冬天在河里游泳需要极大的意志力。 注意：从句作主语时，若主句谓语部分为系表结构，主句谓语的数通常由作表语的名词/代词决定。 What they need is money while what we need most are textbooks.他们需要的是钱，而我们最需要的是教科书。 2.and,both ...and...连接两个不同的主语时，谓语动词用复数形式;但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Her teacher and her friends are in the sitting room.她的老师和朋友都在起居室。 3.定语从句中的谓语动词的单复数由其修饰的名词的单复数形式来确定；如果定语从句修饰前面的整个句子，从句中的谓语动词用单数。 My friend showed me around the town, which was very attractive. 我的朋友带我参观了这个小镇，这个小镇非常迷人。 Those who were praised at the meeting would be sent to America for further study. 在这次会议上被表扬的人将被派到美国深造。 Russia is upgrading its northern fleet, which includes 18 icebreakers. 俄罗斯正在升级它的北海舰队，准备增加18艘破冰船。 4.“many a/more than one+单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。each，every，no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使由and连接,谓语动词仍用单数。 Many a parent has had to go through this same painful process. 很多父母亲不得不经历同样的痛苦过程。 Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party to be held on Sunday. 每个男生和女生都希望参加周日举行的聚会。 5.如果主语后面有 as well as, with, along with, together with, rather than, but, except, besides, including, in addition to, in common with 等词加其他名词时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。 The teacher, as well as his students, was very excited.老师和学生都很兴奋。 Pronunciation as well as grammar changes quickly.发音与语法一样变化很快。 6.由lots of, a lot of, a number of, plenty of等修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词与所修饰的名词形式保持一致。 A great number of students who were invited to the party were from my