Unit 4 Reading and Thinking 知识点课件-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

U4 Natural Disasters 知识点 1 1. damage (1)n. [U]损坏;损失;破坏;[pl.]损害赔偿金 The higher the oil price is, the more damage it will cause to the global economy. 油价越高，它对全球经济造成的损害就越大。 He was ordered to pay damages totalling ￡30,000. 他被责令支付总额为3万英镑的损害赔偿金。 常用搭配: do/ cause damage to... 对.....造成损害 If mothers-to-be choose to drink alcohol, it can cause permanent damage to a baby's brain. 如果准妈妈们在孕期喝酒的话，可能会对宝宝的大脑造成永久性的伤害。 (2)vt. 损害;破坏 Several buildings were damaged in the earthquake. 几栋建筑在地震中遭到了破坏。 2.affect vt. 影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动 The students were deeply affected by the story. 学生们被那个故事深深地打动了。 联想词：affection n.喜爱；钟爱 have an affection for 喜爱....... affecting adj动人的，感人的 对比记忆：effect n.作用；影响 have an effect on... 对.....有影响 in effect 事实上，实际上 bring/put sth.into effect 实施，使生效 come into effect 生效，开始实施 side effect 副作用 His teaching methods still have a strong effect on young people. 他的教学方法对年轻人仍然有很大的影响。 3. suffer (1) vt.遭受；蒙受 常用搭配： pain/hardship 经历痛苦/困难 suffer a defeat/a loss/damage/punishment 遭受失败/损失/损害/惩罚 The car suffered heavy damage in the accident. 这辆汽车在事故中遭受到了严重破坏。 (2)vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦;遭受;变差 常用搭配： a bad back 背疼 suffer from a bad cold 患重感冒 a headache/toothache How long have you been suffering from a headache? 你头痛有多久了? 联想词：sufferer n. 患病者；受苦者；受难者 suffering n. 苦难；痛苦；让人痛苦的事（常用复数） 4. destroy (destroyed, destroyed) vt.破坏,摧毁,毁灭。有时也可引申为毁掉信仰、希望等。 常见搭配 be completely/totally destroyed 被彻底摧毁 destroy ones confidence/faith/hope/life 毁掉某人的信心/信仰/希望/生活 The wrong decision Adam made almost destroyed his life and all his hopes.亚当做出的错误决定几乎毁了他的一生和所有的希望。 5. shock (1) n.[U]休克;震惊[C]令人震惊的事;电击[C,U]剧烈震动 He isn't seriously injured but he is in (a state of) shock. 他伤得不重，但处于休克状态。 The shock of the earthquake was felt for miles. 地震引起的剧烈震动在几英里外都能感受得到。 (2) vt. 使震惊 常用搭配：It shocks sb. that....../It shocks sb. to do. 使某人震惊 shock sb.to do sth.做某事使某人震惊 It shocked me to think how dangerous we had been. 想到我们之前那么危险,我心惊肉跳。 I was