内容正文:
高考语法考点
形容词、副词的比较等级
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题型 高考典题试做 命题角度解读
语法填空 1.(2022·甲卷)In the last five years,Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents,and in 2016,he reached the top of Kilimanjaro,Africa's ____ (high) mountain.
2.(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets,the ___ (hot) the spring! 给出形容词、副词,考查其比较级或最高级形式。
highest
hotter
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题型 高考典题试做 命题角度解读
语法填空
3.(2021·全国甲卷)After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall,we decided it was time for some action and what ______ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
4.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their ______ (fine) work,so that he could choose the best. 给出形容词、副词,考查其比较级或最高级形式。
better
finest
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比较等级变化规则
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变化规则 例词
以“辅音字母+e”
结尾的单音节词,
在后面加r和st wide→wider→widest;
brave→braver→bravest
(1)规则形式
①单音节以及少数双音节形容词和副词,在原级后加er,est构成,如clever→cleverer→cleverest。其他特殊变化见下表:
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变化规则 例词
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,变y为i,再加er和est easy→easier→easiest;
heavy→heavier→heaviest
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写这个辅音字母,再加er和est thin→thinner→thinnest;
hot→hotter→hottest
②多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级前加more和most构成。
active→more active→most active
happily→more happily→most happily
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(2)不规则形式
原级 比较级 最高级
good,well better best
bad,ill worse worst
many,much more most
little less least
far farther(指时间或空间上“更远的”) farthest(指时间或空间上
“最久的;最远的”)
further(指空间距离“更远的”;在更大程度上) furthest(指空间距离“最远的”;在最大程度上)
old older/elder oldest/eldest
[学海点津]
1.有少数几个双音节形容词,既可以加er和est,又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词是:common,handsome,quiet,pleasant,cruel,stupid,tired和以ow,er结尾的词。
2.有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度,因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有:right,wrong,excellent,possible,empty,first,wooden,final,east,last等。
2.等级用法的固定句型
(1)同级比较:as+形容词/副词的原级+as,其否定形式是“not as/so+形容词/副词的原级+as”。
eg: My sister is as tall as Tom.
(2)比较级结构:形容词/副词的比较级+than; 常见的修饰比较级的词有any,much,even,far,by far,a lot,a gr