内容正文:
专题01 连词判断(上篇)
Part 1:分析词性
语法填空题型中,一般有3—4个空是虚词即介冠连代词以及个别副词的考察,所以虚词首要第一步应当现判断词性类别,笔者总结口诀为下:
两个谓语填连词;
缺少成分用代词;
名词前面用介冠,介宾作状连整句,冠名作主宾同位;
程度副词接形副,句首逗号填衔接。
一 两个谓语填连词
一个完整的句子有且只有一个谓语,所以当一个句子中出现两个谓语时,必须有连词连接形成主句连接从句的形式。
请看示例:
(2023全国甲)There was once a town in the heart of America, 4 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, 5 (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
分析:第四空中,由于句中有was和seemed两个谓语动词,所以第四空虚词判别词性为连词。
(2023全国乙)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 3 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 4 (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
分析:第三空中,由于句中有is和welcomes两个谓语动词,所以第三空判别词性为连词。
经典案例:He saved injured soldiers from the war, some of ________ hardly starved to die.
分析:此处学生最容易填them,因为翻译通顺。但是本句有两个谓语,saved和starved,所以词性上来说,只能填连词。
二 缺少成分用代词
缺少成分用代词是指,在判断完本句不填连词后,如果空白处需要做句子的主语或者宾语,则我们应该使用代词来指代名词,充当句子的主语或宾语。
请看示例
(西南联盟高三诊断)As 7 turns out, hair stylists prefer the silent cut as well.
分析:本句中有两个个谓语动词turns和prefer,但由于as为连词,可以衔接这两个谓语,所以排除连词。turn前面缺少主语,所以本空判断词性为代词。
三 名词前面用介冠
名词前面可以使用介词和冠词,判别依据是,如果填介词则与该名词形成介宾结构,在句子中充当状语,如果填冠词,则和名词构成整个句子的主语,宾语或者同位语(一般都有逗号相隔。)
请看示例:
(2022全国甲)He flew 4, 700 kilometers 9 Xi’an to Kashgar Sept.20, 10 (plan) to hike back to five months.
分析:本句中只有一个谓语动词flew,所以不填连词,又因为在名词Xi'an前,所以要考虑填介词或冠词,此时he为主语,flew为谓语,4700 kilometers为宾语,所以填介词,和Xi'an构成介宾作状语。
(2022年全国乙)May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially 1 United Nations on November 27th, 2019.
分析:本句有两个谓语,marks和was named,但有which衔接,所以此空不填连词,United Nations为名词,所以名词前面用介词或冠词,又因为which从句中,which作主语,was named是谓语,被动无宾语(除了双宾语),所以此刻需要介词衔接后面的名词构成介宾结构作状语。
四 程度副词接形副,句首逗号用衔接
如果以上情况都不符合,则需要考虑程度副词so和衔接副词,判别方式为,so+形副,一般与that构成结果状语从句;衔接副词则是逗号隔开,置于句首。
I don’ t believe that such little children can finish _______ much work in such a short time.
分析:本句中有两个谓语believe和finish,但因为有连词that衔接,所