内容正文:
Section Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures
单 元 语 法 精 析
Grammar———限制性定语从句(1)
语法导图
语法讲练
一、定义
1. 在主从复合句中修饰或限定主句中某一名词
或代词的从句叫定语从句ꎮ 它所修饰的名词
或代词叫作先行词ꎮ 引导定语从句的词叫作
关系词ꎬ包括关系代词和关系副词ꎮ
2. 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定
语从句ꎮ 限制性定语从句与先行词之间的关
系非常密切ꎬ从句说明先行词的性质、身份、
特征等状况ꎮ
3. 关系词的作用:连接主句和从句ꎻ指代先行
词ꎻ在从句中充当句子成分ꎮ
4. 关系词的分类:关系代词: that、which、who、
whom、whose、asꎻ关系副词:when、where、whyꎮ
⎔D 典例呈现
①The number of people who / that lost their
homes reached 100ꎬ000.
无家可归的人达到 10 万ꎮ
句中主句为 The number of people reached
100ꎬ000ꎻ定语从句为 who / that lost their
homesꎻ先行词为 peopleꎻ关系代词为 who /
thatꎮ
②It sounded like a train that / which was going
under the house.
它听起来就像一列火车在房子下面驶过ꎮ
句中主句为 It sounded like a trainꎻ定语从
句为 that / which was going under the houseꎻ
先行词为 a trainꎻ关系代词为 that / whichꎮ
⎔J 即学即练 1
分析句子ꎬ并译成汉语
①I know the person whose house was destroyed
in the earthquake.
句中主句为 I know the person ꎻ定语从句
为 whose house was destroyed in the
earthquake ꎻ先行词为 the person ꎻ关系
代词为 whose ꎮ
译文:
②The boy whom the teacher often praises is
their monitor.
句中主句为 The boy is their monitor ꎻ定
语从句为 whom the teacher often praises ꎻ
先行词为 The boy ꎻ关系代词为 whom ꎮ
译文:
二、关系代词的基本用法
关系代词 先行词 在定语从句中所作的成分
that 人、物 主语、宾语(作宾语时可省略)
which 物 主语、宾语(作宾语时可省略)
who 人 主语、宾语(作宾语时可省略)
whom 人 宾语(作宾语时可省略)
whose 人、物 定语
as 人、物 主语、宾语
⎔D 典例呈现
①Who is the man that is reading the newspaper
over there?
在那边读报纸的那个人是谁?
②The room which we live in is very bright.
我们住的那间房间很明亮ꎮ
③The man who visited our class yesterday is our
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new headmaster.
昨天参观我们班级的那个人是我们的新
校长ꎮ
④This is the student whom you want to see.
这就是你想要见的学生ꎮ
⑤I know the woman whose husband is a worker.
我认识那个妇女ꎬ她丈夫是个工人ꎮ
⎔W误区警示
关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、
宾语和定语ꎬ因此定语从句中不能再出现关系
代词所替代的名词或代词ꎮ
①The story( that / which) y