内容正文:
专题二 需要“变形”的名词、数词、形容词和副词
第二讲 形容词、副词和比较级
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考点分类突破
In my family,my mother is the thinnest①.My father is much taller② than her and me,but he is twice as heavy as③ my mother,and becoming fatter and fatter④.He is quite worried because the fatter⑤ he is,the more likely⑤ he is to be ill.
注释:
①两者或两部分之间比较,多用比较级;三者或三者以上的比较,可以使用最高级。
②比较级常常和than连用,并且可以被much,a little,a bit,even,far,still 等词修饰。
语境导入
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③倍数表达法:
•A+谓语+倍数+adj./adv.比较级+than+B
•A+谓语+倍数+as+adj./adv.原级(+名词)+as+B
•A+谓语+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height,weight等)+of+B
④“adj./adv.比较级+and+adj./adv.比较级”表示“越来越……”。
⑤“the+比较级 ...,the+比较级 ...”表示“越……,就越……”。
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1.形容词比较等级的规则变化
重难精析
变化规则 例词
单音节的词,一般在后面加-er和-est tall→taller→tallest
quick→quicker→quickest
以“辅音字母+-e”结尾的词,在后面加-r和-st wide→wider→widest
fine→finer→finest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,变y为i,再加-er和-est easy→easier→easiest
heavy→heavier→heaviest
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变化规则 例词
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写这个辅音字母,再加-er和-est thin→thinner→thinnest
hot→hotter→hottest
以-ow结尾的双音节词,多半加-er和-est narrow→narrower→narrowest
多音节词在前面加more和most attractive→more attractive→most attractive
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[易错提醒]
有少数几个双音节以及-er,-le结尾的词,既可以加-er和-est,又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。如:common,clever,simple,stupid等。
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2.形容词比较等级的不规则变化
good→better→best
bad/ill→worse→worst
many/much→more→most
old→older/elder→oldest/eldest
little→less→least
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考点分类突破
3.副词比较等级的规则变化
变化规则 例词
单音节词,一般在后面加-er和-est fast→faster→fastest
hard→harder→hardest
以“辅音字母+-e”结尾的单音节词,在后面加-r和-st late→later→latest
以-ly结尾的双音节词,变y为i,再加-er和-est early→earlier→earliest
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变化规则 例词
其他双音节和多音节词在前面加more和most quickly→more quickly→most quickly
happily→more happily→most happily
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4.副词比较等级的不规则变化
well→better→best
badly→worse→worst
much→more→most
little→less→least
far→farther/further→farthest/furthest
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[点对点练习] 单句语法填空
1.(2022·全国甲卷)In the last five years,Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents,and in 2016,he reached the top of Kilimanjaro,Africa's ________(high) mountain.
2.(2021·浙江卷6月)When the house was built, it was much _______ (small) t