UNIT 3 Section Ⅱ Using language-【高考领航】2023-2024学年高中英语必修第二册同步核心辅导与测评（外研版）

Section Ⅱ　Using language 不定式作定语和结果状语 观察下面教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征 (1)That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. (2)It is fun enough to attract millions of people. (3)What's more, football has become one of the best ways for people to communicate: it does not require words, but everyone understands it. (4)World War Ⅰ had broken out months before, but British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together — one moment of peace to remember during years of conflict. 【语法感悟】 1．句(1)(3)(4)中不定式结构在句中作定语； 2．句(2)中不定式结构在句中作结果状语。 一、动词不定式作定语 1．动词不定式作定语时，只能位于所修饰词的后面，可扩展为一个定语从句。如果不定式的动词与被修饰词之间有逻辑上的动宾关系；若该动词是不及物动词，则需要加上适当的介词或副词使动宾关系成立。 ◆We are looking for an apartment to live in. ＝We are looking for an apartment that we can live in. 我们正在找一个可以居住的公寓。 2．动词不定式作定语的用法 (1)动词不定式作定语可表示将来还未发生的动作。 ◆All the teachers to attend the opening ceremony tomorrow should wear the uniforms. 明天将要出席开幕式的所有老师应该穿制服。 (2)序数词、形容词最高级或the last/the only/the next等后常用动词不定式作定语。 ◆You are the only person to be late for such an important meeting. 在这么重要的会议上，你是唯一迟到的人。 ◆He is always the first person to come and the last one to leave. 他总是第一个来，最后一个离开。 ◆It is recognized that he is the best man to do the job. 人们认为他是做这个工作的最佳人选。 (3)抽象名词ability、chance、opportunity、belief、way、right、courage、decision、hope、wish、dream等后常用动词不定式作定语。 ◆The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself. 表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。 ◆Thanks to your encouragement, I finally got the courage to face the challenge. 多亏了你的鼓励，我最终有了迎接挑战的勇气。 [即时演练1]　单句语法填空 (1)(2022·全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step to_journey (journey) the Belt and Road route by foot. (2)We are invited to a party to_be_held (hold) in our club next Friday. (3)Volunteering gives you an opportunity to_change (change) lives, including your own. 二、动词不定式作结果状语 1．动词不定式作结果状语时，在动词不定式前面加上only，构成“only to do”结构，用以引出意想不到的或不愉快的结果，表示说话人并不希望它发生。 ◆The traveler looked up suddenly to find a leopar