UNIT 2 Section Ⅳ GRAMMAR & WRITING-【高考领航】2023-2024学年高中英语选择性必修第一册同步核心辅导与测评（北师大版）

Section Ⅳ　GRAMMAR & WRITING (一)Grammar——动词的-ing形式 [探究发现] 写出句子中的动词-ing形式，并说明作何种成分(主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语) 1．He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life. being regarded宾语；living 宾语 2．This worried me a lot and I felt very guilty being a rich man without doing anything. being a rich man状语；doing anything 宾语 3．I'd prefer to have three or four outstanding years of winning stuff rather than have ten years of being average. winning stuff，being宾语 4．Doing what we do as athletes sets us apart because we are willing to do that extra little bit that might take us to the top. Doing what we do as athletes主语 5．He paid little attention，stating he did not have time to go to see a doctor. stating状语 [思考发现] 动词的-ing形式可以在句中作主语、宾语、定语和状语等。 一、结构 doing以及它的变式：having done 否定结构：not doing；not having done 二、用法 1．作主语 Watching too much TV does harm to your eyes. 看太多电视对眼睛有害。 Being exposed to too much sunlight does harm to your skin. 过度暴露在阳光下对皮肤有害。 (过去分词无法直接作主语或者宾语，如果需要表达被动，要在过去分词前加上being) 2．作宾语 在英语中，及物动词及介词后面加的都是宾语。 Sure，many people think that“success” means having millions in the bank or a well-paid job. 当然，许多人认为“成功”意味着银行里有数百万存款，或者有一份高薪的工作。 To protect our eyes from being hurt by the strong sunlight，we can wear sunglasses. 为了保护我们的眼睛不受强烈阳光的伤害，我们可以戴太阳镜。 一些动词后面加动词时，作宾语的动词采用doing的形式，例如：escape，appreciate，imagine，enjoy，finish，mention，suggest，allow，risk，recommend，advise，forbid，permit等。 He finally escaped being punished. 他最终逃脱了惩罚。 这当中有些动词，后面加动词作宾语时，也可用to do的形式，只是表达的意思不同。例如： His father says that he has never regretted sending his son to study abroad. 他父亲说他从未后悔送儿子出国留学。 We regret to tell you that your application has not been accepted. 我们很遗憾地告诉你，你的申请没有被接受。 类似的动词有：①regret，remember，forget(这三个动词，如果要表达已发生的用doing；表达未发生的用to do)；②mean(to do 打算做；doing 意味着)；③try (doing尝试；to do尽量)等。 还有一类动词，如allow，forbid，permit，advise，recommend等，直接加动词用doing，如果加上sb.或者sth.则跟to do的形式作宾补。 Sorry.We don't allow smoking here. Sorry.We don't allow people to smoke here. 对不起，我们这里不允许吸烟。 [学以致用]　单句语法填空 (1)The government forbids publishing (pub