UNIT 1 Section Ⅳ Discovering Useful Structures-【金版新学案】2023-2024学年新教材高一英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（人教版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Discovering Useful Structures 名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语 教材示例 1．(教材原句)Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge. 2．(教材原句)The first week was a little confusing. 3．(教材原句)First，I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take. 4．(教材原句)My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I'm good at it. 5．(教材原句)The main purpose of the course is to help improve each student's reading ability. 我的发现 1．句1中名词短语a really big challenge在句中作表语； 2．句2中形容词短语a little confusing在句中作表语； 3．句3中副词短语very carefully在句中作状语； 4．句4中名词短语advanced literature在句中作宾语； 5．句5中名词短语The main purpose of the course在句中作主语。 短语是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。本单元学习以下三种短语： 一、名词短语(Noun Phrase或NP) 1．含义：名词短语是指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词。 2．构成 常见名词短语的构成形式有： 限定词＋名词：the girl 限定词＋形容词(短语)＋名词：a beautiful girl 限定词＋名词＋介词短语：a beautiful campus of my school 限定词＋描述性名词＋名词：my school life 限定词＋形容词＋名词＋动词不定式：a small room to live in 限定词＋形容词＋名词＋定语从句：a beautiful girl who is watching TV The young lady over there is my English teacher. 那边的那位年轻女士是我的英语老师。 学生用书↓第41页 (名词短语The young lady 的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词) There are some red roses on that small table. 在那张小餐桌上有一些红玫瑰。 (名词短语some red roses on that small table的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词＋介词短语；that small table也是名词短语) 3．句法功能 在句中当作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。 These interesting books are for you.(主语) 这些有趣的书是给你买的。 He is my old friend.(表语) 他是我的老朋友。 He had a big dinner.(宾语) 他吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐。 We made Tom monitor of our class.(宾语补足语) 我们选汤姆当我们班的班长。 ◎巧学活用1 写出下列句子中加黑的名词短语在句中所作的句子成分，并注意其组成 ①These ideas may seem strange to you.作主语 ②We love our great motherland very much.作宾语 ③The man wearing a black coat is our teacher.作表语 ④Those beautiful flowers come from Yunnan.作主语 ⑤We made him capital of our team.作宾语补足语 ⑥He got three gold medals at the Olympic Games.作宾语 ⑦The tall building was built last year.作主语 二、形容词短语(Adjective Phrase或AdjP) 1．含义：形容词短语是指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。 2．构成：形容词短语是指由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成的。具体形式如下： (1)形容词＋形容词(两个或多个形容词可以由and，but等连词连接，构成形容词短语)