第二部分 六、连词和状语从句(正文)-2024年普通高中学业水平测试合格考英语

六、连词和状语从句 Ⅰ.并列连词 并列连词是用来连接语法地位相同的单词、短语以及句子的连词。 1．表并列关系的连词：and, as well as, not only...but also...，both...and...，neither...nor...等。 The method not only has good effect but also has some economic benefits. 这种方法不仅处理效果较好，而且有一定的经济效益。 Neither he nor you are wholly right. 你和他都不全对。 2．表转折关系的连词：but，while等。 He is very stingy while his brother is very generous. 他很小气而他的哥哥很大方。 3．表因果关系的连词：so，for。 I heard some noise outside, so I went out of the room to see why. 我听到外面有声音，所以我走出房间去看看为什么。 4．表选择关系的连词：or，either...or...。 Dress warmly，or you will catch a cold. 穿暖和点，否则你会感冒的。 [名师点津]　使用并列连词的注意事项 (1)主谓一致中的就近原则：neither...nor...，not only...but also...和not...but...在连接并列主语时，谓语动词和邻近的主语保持一致。 Neither you nor I am to blame. 你和我都不应该受责备。 (2)倒装：not only...but also...在连接并列分句时，如果not only置于句首，not only所在的句子要用部分倒装。 Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it. 不仅要帮助人们就业，而且要为有需要的人提供医疗。 (3)下列句型中常用并列连词when： ①be about to do sth when...“正要做某事，这时突然……” ②be on the point of doing sth when...“正要做某事，这时突然……” ③be doing sth when...“正在做某事，这时突然……” ④had done sth when...“刚做了某事，这时突然……” We were about to set off when it began to rain. 我们正打算动身，这时突然下起了雨。 We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会，这时突然有人闯进来。 Ⅱ.从属连词 状语从句由从属连词引导。它的位置既可以放在句首也可以放在句末。放在句首，从句后常用逗号；放在句末时，从句前面往往不用逗号。状语从句根据它们的含义可以分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句九种。 1．时间状语从句，常见引导词有：when，as，while，after, before，until/till，once, since, as soon as, every time等。 Please don't talk so loud while others are working. 别人在工作时，请不要大声说话。 2．地点状语从句，常见引导词有：where，wherever。 Where there is a will，there is a way.有志者事竟成。 3．条件状语从句，常见引导词有：if，unless，as/so long as，in case。 As long as you don't lose heart, you will succeed. 只要不灰心，你就能成功。 4．原因状语从句，常见引导词有：because，since，as，now that。 Since everyone makes mistakes, you shouldn't always criticize him. 既然每个人都会犯错，你不应该老是批评他。 5．目的状语从句，常见引导词有：so that，in order that。 I'll speak slowly so that you can understand me. 我会慢慢说，以便你能明白我的意思。 6．结果状语从句，常见引导词