Unit 1 The mass media Grammar & Usage 详细讲解课件-2023-2024学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第二册

Unit 1 The Mass Media Grammar & Usage 新译林2020版 选必二 一、什么是过去完成时？ 表示过去某一时间或动作之前发生的动作或状态，以及对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果。 例： 1. By nine o'clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. 2. All the tickets had been sold out when they arrived. 二、过去完成时的构成 基本结构：had＋动词过去分词 (1) 肯定句：主语＋had＋动词过去分词＋其他。 (2) 否定句：主语＋had＋not＋动词过去分词＋其他。 He had already been to New York earlier in the week. They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. At that time we hadn't met her. We hadn't seen each other since he left Nanjing. — Had you visited here before? — Yes, I had. / No, I hadn't. (4)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组＋had＋主语＋ 过去分词＋其他？ Where had you been before you came here? How many new words had you learned by the end of last term? (3)疑问句：Had＋主语＋动词过去分词＋其他？ 肯定回答：Yes，主语＋had. 否定回答：No，主语＋hadn't. 1. 过去完成时可以表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已完成的动作。这个过去的时间常用by …, before …等介词短语或时间状语从句来表示，也可以从一个表示过去的动作或上下文中得到提示。如： He had tried his best although he failed. She had learned Chinese before she came to China. By the end of last month, we had finished half of the project. P98 Grammar Focus 2. 过去完成时可以表示从过去的某一时刻开始，延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。如： She had worked for twelve hours by 8:00 p.m. He said he had worked in that factory since 2005. 3. hope, wish, plan, want, intend, attempt, expect, think, suppose等表示 “打算、计划、希望、试图、认为等”的动词，用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算或意图等。如: I had wanted to help you, but I was too busy then. He had thought to send for a doctor. 4. 过去完成时可以用于hardly … when或no sooner … than等结构：一……就……。如： I had hardly entered the classroom when the bell rang. No sooner had she arrived than she devoted herself to her research. 5. 过去完成时常有by, when等引导的时间状语作为标志。如： I had finished reading the novel by the end of last week. He had learnt English for ten years when he graduated from high school. 6. 如果before引导的时间状语从句，主句可用一般过去时代替过去完成时；如果after引导时间状语从句，从句可用一般过去时代替过去完成时。如： John (had) left before I came home. He began to write a review after he (had) watched the film twice. 一般过去时与过去完