定语从句的底层逻辑和难点突破 课件 2023-2024学年陕西省省级教学能手微讲座

所有从句=引导词（连词/关系词）+句子 引导词可在从句中作成分，也可能不作成分 合并两个句子： She is the girl. You never forget the girl. You met a heaven-sent angel. She is the heaven-sent angel. Why God made a girl? She must be the reason. She is the girl who/whom/that you never forget. She is the heaven-sent angel who/whom/that you met. She must be the reason why God made a girl. 定语从句的本质： 汉语中“的”，本质就是划定一个范围，限定一个区间。 汉语常用形容词“...的”实现修饰限定的作用， 英语的实现方式： 定语（形容词，分词短语，介词短语等）； 定语从句 She is the girl. You never forget the girl. She is the girl you never forget the girl.* She is the girl who/whom/that you never forget. 定语从句的形成过程： 合并同类项 为了语言使用的简洁、高效 She is the girl that you never forget. 先行词 关系词 定语从句 关系代词 关系副词 which, who, whom, whose, that where, when，why 引导词 先行词 成分 关 系 代 词 who 人 主，宾 whom 人 宾(可省) which 物 主，宾(可省) that 人或物 主，宾(可省) whose (=of whom/which) 人或物 定 “先行词的” 关 系 副 词 where (=介词+which) 地点名词 地点状语 when (=介词+ which) 时间名词 时间状语 why (= for which) reason 原因状语 先行词就一定是一个词吗？ antecedent: the word, phrase, or clause to which a pronoun refers. 关系词所指代的词、短语或从句 所以，先行词可以是一个词、短语、从句或者独立的句子等。 1.1 先行词的结构特点： 1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. 2. In Europe, as elsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful goups which bring together television, radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing house that work in relation to one another. 3. He said that he had no time, which isn’t true. 4. My girl friend likes talking with other guys, which really drives me crazy. 1.2 先行词的位置特点： 定语从句一定紧挨着先行词吗？ 先行词+其他定语+定语从句 There comes a time in most couple’s lives when a break-up seems inevitable. The mineral elements from the soil that are usable by the plant must be dissolved in the soil solution before they can be taken into the root. 1.2 先行词的位置特点： 先行词+状语+定语从句 Is there anything in the world that we can not buy with money? 1.2 先行词的位置特点： 作主语的先行词+谓语部分+定语从句 It can be predicted, however, that from time to time questions will arise which will require specific scientific answers. 1.2 先行词考点-定语从句中的主谓一致： Despite much research,