2023-2024学年高二英语上学期主谓一致学案3

where there is a will, there is a way. 使用日期：年月日 第周 编写人 审核人 ( 高 二 年级 英语 学科 精准补课 3 —— 主谓一致 ) 一：定义： 主谓一致：句子的谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。即谓随主变。 Eg.①She is a teacher. ②They are teachers. 二、主谓一致三个原则:语法一致原则/意义一致原则/就近一致原则 三、语法一致原则：主语和谓语在语法形式上取得一致，即谓语的单复数由主语形式决定。 （1）单个从句、不定式、动名词等作主语时，视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数。 Eg.Going swimming on Sunday ______ one of his habits.(be) To run faster ________(need) more practice. ★注意：what 引导的主语从句，谓语形式由后面表语单复数而定。 eg.What they need ______ time.(be) What they need ______ books.(be) (2) 当主语是不定代词/被不定代词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。(each，either，neither及no-，any-，some-，every-) eg.Somebody ______ waiting for you at the gate.(be) Either of the shirts______ me very well.(fit) (3) many a/an或more than one +名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 eg. Many a man _____not understand Mike’s idea.(do) More than one student ______passed the exam.(have) (4)由and 或者both...and...连接的并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。 eg.Reading and writing _____very important.（be) ★注意①:当主语由and连接时，如它表示同一人或物时，谓语用单数。（表示同一人或物时,只有一个冠词。） eg.The singer and dancer is from Hebei. 这位歌手兼舞蹈家来自于河北。 The singer and the dancer are from Hebei.这位歌手和这位舞蹈家都来自于河北。 ★注意②: and 连接两并列主语，若前有each, every, many a, no 修饰时，谓语用单数。 eg.Every man and every woman is busy with working. Many a boy and many a girl has seen it. (5)成双成对出现的复数名词作主语时(shoes,glasses,trousers,pants, ,gloves,scissors…)，谓语动词用复数。但如果前面有… pair/pairs of; … suit/suits of 等表示量的词语时，谓语动词单复数取决于量词单复数。 eg.His shoes are under the desk. The pair of shoes_____under the desk.(be) Three pairs of shoes_____under the desk. (6) 主语后插入了短语时，谓语不受他们干扰，仍由主语决定(with，along with，together with，as well as，like，including，except，besides，no less than,more than,rather than等) eg. I , along with my sister, ____ going to Shanghai next month.(be) No one except two servants (was,were) late for the dinner.(be)除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。 (7)表全部或其中一部分的of短语+名词作主语时，谓语动词由of后面名词的单复数而定。（all of,none of,plenty of ,a lot of,lots of,most of,the majority of,ha