专题11 名词性从句（知识梳理+考点精讲精练+实战训练）- 【学考复习】2024年高中英语学业水平考试必备考点归纳与测试（新教材专用）

专题11名词性从句 1. 掌握连接代词和连接副词以及从属连词的用法 2. 掌握主语从句的考点 3. 掌握宾语从句的考点 4. 掌握表语从句的考点 5. 掌握同位语从句的考点 1名词性从句的分类 名词性从句，包括四种从句，即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。因为主语、宾语、表语、同位语这四种成分均可以由名词构成，所以这四种从句在主句中都充当了名词的作用，故将这四种从句统称为名词性从句。 2名词性从句的连接词分类 1.that（无含义，不充当成分） 2.whether,if（有“是否”的含义，但不充当成分） 3.连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever.（在从句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语） 连接副词：when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why （在从句中做状语） 4. as if,as though,because（不充当成分，在名词性从句中只引导表语从句） 一、主语从句 1.主语从句在复合句中充当主语，大多数主语从句都可以用it作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。 2.that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语，that不可省；what引导的主语从句表示＂……的东西＂时，一般不用it作形式主语；whatever，whoever，whichever一般也不用it作形式主语。 ☞That she will succeed is certain. ☞It is certain that she will succeed. 注意：(1)在＂It is necessary/important/strange/natural...＋that从句＂结构中，从句谓语常用＂(should＋)动词原形＂形式。 3. 主语从句的特殊用法 （1）主语从句与定语从句的转换 ☞What is needed has been bought. ☞All that is needed has been bought. 所有需要的都被买了。 （2）几个特殊句型之间的转换 ☞It is known to all that China has joined the WTO. As is known to all, China has joined the WTO. What is known to all is that China has joined the WTO.众所周知，中国已加入WTO。 4. 从句作主语时，句子谓语动词的单复数问题 (1)从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。 That they are not going to the cinema is a big surprise to us.他们不去看电影，这使我们感到很惊讶。 (2)what引导的从向作主语，谓语动词一般用单数;若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式,则谓语动词常用复数。 What she said is wrong.她所说的是错误的。 What we need are books.我们所需要的是书籍。 二、宾语从句 1）宾语从句主要跟在动词、介词和某些形容词之后。 I wish hat he woud understand me. 我希望他能理解我。 Whether we can succeed depends on how well we cooperate.我们能否成功取决于我们合作得怎么样。 I’m afraid that I’ve made a mistake. 恐怕我犯了一个错误。 2）引导宾语从句的连接词主要有： 连接词：that，whether，if等 连接代词：what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等 连接副词：when，where，why，how等 1. 连接词that，whether，if引导 I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for help. 我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。 I don’t know if/whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。 2. 连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等引导 She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class. 她问我班上谁的书法最好。 I’ll just say whatever comes into my mi