Unit5 Period Ⅱ Learning About Language-【优化探究】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册同步导学案配套教参（人教版）

Period Ⅱ　Learning About Language 单元语法：动词­ing 形式 授课提示：对应学生用书第121页 [语法体会] [生活中的语法] [学习中的语法] ①It also helps control your body temperature，prevents your body from losing too much water, warns you when things are too hot or cold，and gives you your sense of touch. ②The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid. ③Burns are divided into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage. ④Examples include burns caused by electric shocks，burning clothes，or petrol fires. ⑤Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary，unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. ⑥Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea，as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. [我的发现] (1)句①是现在分词短语作宾语。 (2)句②是现在分词短语作表语。 (3)句③是现在分词短语作状语。 (4)句④是现在分语作定语。 (5)句⑤是现在分词短语作宾语补足语。 (6)句⑥是现在分词短语作主语。 [语法图解] [知识精要] 一、动词­ing形式的时态、语态及意义 动词 形式 意义 以do为例 一般式doing 主动式doing 与句子的主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与谓语动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生 被动式being done 与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且与谓语动作同时发生 完成式having done 主动式having done 与句子的主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动作发生 被动式having been done 与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动作发生 Hearing the news，they immediately set off.听到这个消息，他们立即出发了。 Having written a letter，I listened to music for a while.写完信后，我听了一会儿音乐。 Having been held back by the traffic jam，she couldn't get there on time.她被交通阻塞耽搁了，无法准时到达那里。 [即学即练1] 单句语法填空 ①Being (be) still five years old，he went to Japan with his parents. ②Opening (open) the window，you will see the garden below. ③He sat at the desk，reading (read) a newspaper. ④Having told (tell) him the answer，I didn't know whether he could understand. ⑤Having been told (tell) the answer several times，he still couldn't answer the question. 二、动词­ing形式作主语和宾语 (一)动词­ing形式作主语的用法 1．动词­ing形式作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。 Wearing a mask is equally effective or more effective than distancing.戴口罩可能和保持距离一样有效，甚至更有效。 Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences.被(他人)喜欢为学习和新的生活体验创造了机会。 2．动词­ing形式作主语有时也可以用it作形式主语。 用it作形式主语代替动词­ing形式，常出现在“It is