Unit4 Period Ⅱ Learning About Language-【优化探究】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册同步导学案配套教参（人教版）

Period Ⅱ　Learning About Language 单元语法：过去分词(短语)作表语和状语 授课提示：对应学生用书第97页 [语法体会] [生活中的语法] [学习中的语法] ①The next day was clear and mild，and they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city. ②Seen from the train window，the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive. ③The girls were amazed to see such an open country. ④Finally，the company—headed by its new manager—started to make a profit. [我的发现] (1)句①③是过去分词作表语。 (2)句②④是过去分词短语作状语。 [语法图解] [知识精要] 一、过去分词(短语)作表语 1．过去分词可放在连系动词be、get、feel、remain、seem、look、become等之后作表语，表示主语所处的状态。 He seemed quite delighted at the news.听到那个消息他似乎很高兴。 The door remained unlocked when I went back home. 我回家时门仍然未锁。 [即学即练1] 单句语法填空 ①In April，thousands of holidaymakers remained stuck (stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. ②Ladies and gentlemen，please remain seated (seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop. 完成句子 ③为什么你总是看上去很累？ Why do you always look tired? 2．过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别 过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。 The cup is broken.杯子破了。(系表结构) The cup was broken by Tom.杯子是汤姆打破的。(被动语态) [即学即练2] 翻译句子 ①这本书写得很好。 The book is well­written. ②这本书是汤姆写的。 The book was written by Tom. 3．常见的感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别 过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常意为“感到……的”；现在分词多表示事物具有的特性，常意为“令人……的”。 We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。 His words are discouraging，which made many people discouraged.他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。 常用的这类词有： 　 [即学即练3] 单句语法填空 ①We were disappointed at the result of the experiment，because it was a bit too disappointing．(disappoint) ②We all felt encouraged at the encouraging news.(encourage) 二、过去分词(短语)作状语 (一)过去分词(短语)作状语的用法 过去分词(短语)作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式和结果，相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系。 1．作时间状语 相当于时间状语从句。可在过去分词前加上连词when、while、until等转换成时间状语从句，使其时间意义更明确。 Seen from the top of the hill，the town looks more beautiful. ＝When it is seen from the top of the hill，the town looks more beautiful. 从山顶往下看，这座城镇看起来更加漂亮。 2．作原因状语 相当于原因状语从句或并列结构。 Deeply moved by the story，the children bega